The Description Of A Salamander, 1705 Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: A BCDDEEFFGGHHIIAAJCKK CCLLMMNNOOPPAAQQRRAA SSTQCCUUCJVWXXYYSSII ZA2AAAKAACC

From Pliny Hist Nat lib x lib xxixA
-
As mastiff dogs in modern phrase areB
Call'd Pompey Scipio and CaesarC
As pies and daws are often styl'dD
With Christian nicknames like a childD
As we say Monsieur to an apeE
Without offence to human shapeE
So men have got from bird and bruteF
Names that would best their nature suitF
The Lion Eagle Fox and BoarG
Were heroes' titles heretoforeG
Bestow'd as hi'roglyphics fitH
To show their valour strength or witH
For what is understood by fameI
Besides the getting of a nameI
But e'er since men invented gunsA
A diff'rent way their fancy runsA
To paint a hero we inquireJ
For something that will conquer fireC
Would you describe Turenne or TrumpK
Think of a bucket or a pumpK
Are these too low then find out granderC
Call my LORD CUTTS a SalamanderC
'Tis well but since we live amongL
Detractors with an evil tongueL
Who may object against the termM
Pliny shall prove what we affirmM
Pliny shall prove and we'll applyN
And I'll be judg'd by standers byN
First then our author has definedO
This reptile of the serpent kindO
With gaudy coat and shining trainP
But loathsome spots his body stainP
Out from some hole obscure he fliesA
When rains descend and tempests riseA
Till the sun clears the air and thenQ
Crawls back neglected to his denQ
So when the war has raised a stormR
I've seen a snake in human formR
All stain'd with infamy and viceA
Leap from the dunghill in a triceA
Burnish and make a gaudy showS
Become a general peer and beauS
Till peace has made the sky sereneT
Then shrink into its hole againQ
All this we grant why then look yonderC
Sure that must be a SalamanderC
Further we are by Pliny toldU
This serpent is extremely coldU
So cold that put it in the fireC
'Twill make the very flames expireJ
Besides it spues a filthy frothV
Whether thro' rage or lust or bothW
Of matter purulent and whiteX
Which happening on the skin to lightX
And there corrupting to a woundY
Spreads leprosy and baldness roundY
So have I seen a batter'd beauS
By age and claps grown cold as snowS
Whose breath or touch where'er he cameI
Blew out love's torch or chill'd the flameI
And should some nymph who ne'er was cruelZ
Like Carleton cheap or famed Du RuelA2
Receive the filth which he ejectsA
She soon would find the same effectsA
Her tainted carcass to pursueA
As from the Salamander's spueK
A dismal shedding of her locksA
And if no leprosy a poxA
Then I'll appeal to each bystanderC
If this be not a SalamanderC

Jonathan Swift



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