The Odyssey: Book 24 Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: ABCDEDFGCCHIFJKFLFMN OIPCQRSITNTINUQVWXYQ ZVA2FB2C2D2TPE2ATQTH QFFTIIF2G2H2I2ALJ2TA TK2PL2M2TXONN2K2OTIQ FITCNTTO2P2L2DTADQ2Z R2VS2PT2AU2V2VDW2IX2 IDGV2AY2CVTLIIZ2TCOT TCS2N2TPCV2RTV2ICA3P M2A3FDFFWCTCFTTIY2K2 NIITTCB3ICIC3FFVIZ2D VADD3IWTVFVNI2IT2TIC GJE3JZ2VIIVA3IFIAINF ICLT2O2ZF3IIN2T2T2T2 VNIT2NJ2NVICIIG3T2IT 2IIIN2T2T2ZIIH3VVCIC VI3T2T2WIT2VI2IT2X2V J3VWIIT2VIWK2CT2M2T2 IN2J2DIT2K3PCH3T2IIZ IIIT2IANIVIIL3IT2FOI IT2T2T2CF3CF3IM2JIK2 M3DNFNF3T2IT2T2ICCKI DIIFNN3DT2VCCIT2PIT2 IM2K2T2NL3T2IT2I2ZO3 ZIVT2N3P3Q3IZC2CIIIT 2IT2ICT2ANT2IR3VVZII T2T2T2IT2NCT2DOWT2T2 CIICNINCFI T2

Then Mercury of Cyllene summoned the ghosts of the suitors and inA
his hand he held the fair golden wand with which he seals men's eyesB
in sleep or wakes them just as he pleases with this he roused theC
ghosts and led them while they followed whining and gibberingD
behind him As bats fly squealing in the hollow of some great caveE
when one of them has fallen out of the cluster in which they hangD
even so did the ghosts whine and squeal as Mercury the healer ofF
sorrow led them down into the dark abode of death When they hadG
passed the waters of Oceanus and the rock Leucas they came to theC
gates of the sun and the land of dreams whereon they reached theC
meadow of asphodel where dwell the souls and shadows of them thatH
can labour no moreI
Here they found the ghost of Achilles son of Peleus with those ofF
Patroclus Antilochus and Ajax who was the finest and handsomest manJ
of all the Danaans after the son of Peleus himselfK
They gathered round the ghost of the son of Peleus and the ghost ofF
Agamemnon joined them sorrowing bitterly Round him were gatheredL
also the ghosts of those who had perished with him in the house ofF
Aeisthus and the ghost of Achilles spoke firstM
Son of Atreus it said we used to say that Jove had loved youN
better from first to last than any other hero for you were captainO
over many and brave men when we were all fighting together beforeI
Troy yet the hand of death which no mortal can escape was laid uponP
you all too early Better for you had you fallen at Troy in theC
hey day of your renown for the Achaeans would have built a mound overQ
your ashes and your son would have been heir to your good nameR
whereas it has now been your lot to come to a most miserable endS
Happy son of Peleus answered the ghost of Agamemnon forI
having died at Troy far from Argos while the bravest of the TrojansT
and the Achaeans fell round you fighting for your body There youN
lay in the whirling clouds of dust all huge and hugely heedlessT
now of your chivalry We fought the whole of the livelong day norI
should we ever have left off if Jove had not sent a hurricane toN
stay us Then when we had borne you to the ships out of the frayU
we laid you on your bed and cleansed your fair skin with warm waterQ
and with ointments The Danaans tore their hair and wept bitterlyV
round about you Your mother when she heard came with her immortalW
nymphs from out of the sea and the sound of a great wailing wentX
forth over the waters so that the Achaeans quaked for fear They wouldY
have fled panic stricken to their ships had not wise old NestorQ
whose counsel was ever truest checked them saying 'Hold Argives flyZ
not sons of the Achaeans this is his mother coming from the seaV
with her immortal nymphs to view the body of her son 'A2
Thus he spoke and the Achaeans feared no more The daughters ofF
the old man of the sea stood round you weeping bitterly and clothedB2
you in immortal raiment The nine muses also came and lifted upC2
their sweet voices in lament calling and answering one another thereD2
was not an Argive but wept for pity of the dirge they chaunted DaysT
and nights seven and ten we mourned you mortals and immortals but onP
the eighteenth day we gave you to the flames and many a fat sheepE2
with many an ox did we slay in sacrifice around you You were burnt inA
raiment of the gods with rich resins and with honey while heroesT
horse and foot clashed their armour round the pile as you wereQ
burning with the tramp as of a great multitude But when the flamesT
of heaven had done their work we gathered your white bones atH
daybreak and laid them in ointments and in pure wine Your motherQ
brought us a golden vase to hold them gift of Bacchus and work ofF
Vulcan himself in this we mingled your bleached bones with those ofF
Patroclus who had gone before you and separate we enclosed also thoseT
of Antilochus who had been closer to you than any other of yourI
comrades now that Patroclus was no moreI
Over these the host of the Argives built a noble tomb on a pointF2
jutting out over the open Hellespont that it might be seen from farG2
out upon the sea by those now living and by them that shall be bornH2
hereafter Your mother begged prizes from the gods and offered themI2
to be contended for by the noblest of the Achaeans You must have beenA
present at the funeral of many a hero when the young men girdL
themselves and make ready to contend for prizes on the death of someJ2
great chieftain but you never saw such prizes as silver footed ThetisT
offered in your honour for the gods loved you well Thus even inA
death your fame Achilles has not been lost and your name livesT
evermore among all mankind But as for me what solace had I whenK2
the days of my fighting were done For Jove willed my destruction onP
my return by the hands of Aegisthus and those of my wicked wifeL2
Thus did they converse and presently Mercury came up to them withM2
the ghosts of the suitors who had been killed by Ulysses The ghostsT
of Agamemnon and Achilles were astonished at seeing them and wentX
up to them at once The ghost of Agamemnon recognized Amphimedon sonO
of Melaneus who lived in Ithaca and had been his host so it began toN
talk to himN2
Amphimedon it said what has happened to all you fine young menK2
all of an age too that you are come down here under the ground OneO
could pick no finer body of men from any city Did Neptune raise hisT
winds and waves against you when you were at sea or did yourI
enemies make an end of you on the mainland when you wereQ
cattle lifting or sheep stealing or while fighting in defence ofF
their wives and city Answer my question for I have been yourI
guest Do you not remember how I came to your house with MenelausT
to persuade Ulysses to join us with his ships against Troy It was aC
whole month ere we could resume our voyage for we had hard work toN
persuade Ulysses to come with usT
And the ghost of Amphimedon answered Agamemnon son of AtreusT
king of men I remember everything that you have said and will tellO2
you fully and accurately about the way in which our end was broughtP2
about Ulysses had been long gone and we were courting his wifeL2
who did not say point blank that she would not marry nor yet bringD
matters to an end for she meant to compass our destruction thisT
then was the trick she played us She set up a great tambour frame inA
her room and began to work on an enormous piece of fine needleworkD
'Sweethearts ' said she 'Ulysses is indeed dead still do notQ2
press me to marry again immediately wait for I would not have myZ
skill in needlework perish unrecorded till I have completed a pallR2
for the hero Laertes against the time when death shall take him HeV
is very rich and the women of the place will talk if he is laid outS2
without a pall ' This is what she said and we assented whereuponP
we could see her working upon her great web all day long but at nightT2
she would unpick the stitches again by torchlight She fooled us inA
this way for three years without our finding it out but as timeU2
wore on and she was now in her fourth year in the waning of moons andV2
many days had been accomplished one of her maids who knew what sheV
was doing told us and we caught her in the act of undoing her workD
so she had to finish it whether she would or no and when she showedW2
us the robe she had made after she had had it washed its splendourI
was as that of the sun or moonX2
Then some malicious god conveyed Ulysses to the upland farm whereI
his swineherd lives Thither presently came also his son returningD
from a voyage to Pylos and the two came to the town when they hadG
hatched their plot for our destruction Telemachus came first andV2
then after him accompanied by the swineherd came Ulysses clad inA
rags and leaning on a staff as though he were some miserable oldY2
beggar He came so unexpectedly that none of us knew him not even theC
older ones among us and we reviled him and threw things at him HeV
endured both being struck and insulted without a word though he wasT
in his own house but when the will of Aegis bearing Jove inspiredL
him he and Telemachus took the armour and hid it in an inner chamberI
bolting the doors behind them Then he cunningly made his wife offerI
his bow and a quantity of iron to be contended for by us ill fatedZ2
suitors and this was the beginning of our end for not one of usT
could string the bow nor nearly do so When it was about to reach theC
hands of Ulysses we all of us shouted out that it should not be givenO
him no matter what he might say but Telemachus insisted on hisT
having it When he had got it in his hands he strung it with easeT
and sent his arrow through the iron Then he stood on the floor of theC
cloister and poured his arrows on the ground glaring fiercely aboutS2
him First he killed Antinous and then aiming straight before himN2
he let fly his deadly darts and they fell thick on one another It wasT
plain that some one of the gods was helping them for they fell uponP
us with might and main throughout the cloisters and there was aC
hideous sound of groaning as our brains were being battered in andV2
the ground seethed with our blood This Agamemnon is how we cameR
by our end and our bodies are lying still un cared for in the houseT
of Ulysses for our friends at home do not yet know what has happenedV2
so that they cannot lay us out and wash the black blood from ourI
wounds making moan over us according to the offices due to theC
departedA3
Happy Ulysses son of Laertes replied the ghost of AgamemnonP
you are indeed blessed in the possession of a wife endowed withM2
such rare excellence of understanding and so faithful to her weddedA3
lord as Penelope the daughter of Icarius The fame therefore ofF
her virtue shall never die and the immortals shall compose a songD
that shall be welcome to all mankind in honour of the constancy ofF
Penelope How far otherwise was the wickedness of the daughter ofF
Tyndareus who killed her lawful husband her song shall be hatefulW
among men for she has brought disgrace on all womankind even on theC
good onesT
Thus did they converse in the house of Hades deep down within theC
bowels of the earth Meanwhile Ulysses and the others passed out ofF
the town and soon reached the fair and well tilled farm of LaertesT
which he had reclaimed with infinite labour Here was his houseT
with a lean to running all round it where the slaves who worked forI
him slept and sat and ate while inside the house there was an oldY2
Sicel woman who looked after him in this his country farm WhenK2
Ulysses got there he said to his son and to the other twoN
Go to the house and kill the best pig that you can find forI
dinner Meanwhile I want to see whether my father will know me orI
fail to recognize me after so long an absenceT
He then took off his armour and gave it to Eumaeus and PhiloetiusT
who went straight on to the house while he turned off into theC
vineyard to make trial of his father As he went down into the greatB3
orchard he did not see Dolius nor any of his sons nor of the otherI
bondsmen for they were all gathering thorns to make a fence for theC
vineyard at the place where the old man had told them he thereforeI
found his father alone hoeing a vine He had on a dirty old shirtC3
patched and very shabby his legs were bound round with thongs ofF
oxhide to save him from the brambles and he also wore sleeves ofF
leather he had a goat skin cap on his head and was looking veryV
woe begone When Ulysses saw him so worn so old and full of sorrowI
he stood still under a tall pear tree and began to weep He doubtedZ2
whether to embrace him kiss him and tell him all about his havingD
come home or whether he should first question him and see what heV
would say In the end he deemed it best to be crafty with him so inA
this mind he went up to his father who was bending down and diggingD
about a plantD3
I see sir said Ulysses that you are an excellent gardenerI
what pains you take with it to be sure There is not a singleW
plant not a fig tree vine olive pear nor flower bed but bearsT
the trace of your attention I trust however that you will not beV
offended if I say that you take better care of your garden than ofF
yourself You are old unsavoury and very meanly clad It cannot beV
because you are idle that your master takes such poor care of youN
indeed your face and figure have nothing of the slave about themI2
and proclaim you of noble birth I should have said that you wereI
one of those who should wash well eat well and lie soft at nightT2
as old men have a right to do but tell me and tell me true whoseT
bondman are you and in whose garden are you working Tell me alsoI
about another matter Is this place that I have come to really IthacaC
I met a man just now who said so but he was a dull fellow and hadG
not the patience to hear my story out when I was asking him about anJ
old friend of mine whether he was still living or was already deadE3
and in the house of Hades Believe me when I tell you that this manJ
came to my house once when I was in my own country and never yet didZ2
any stranger come to me whom I liked better He said that his familyV
came from Ithaca and that his father was Laertes son of ArceisiusI
I received him hospitably making him welcome to all the abundanceI
of my house and when he went away I gave him all customaryV
presents I gave him seven talents of fine gold and a cup of solidA3
silver with flowers chased upon it I gave him twelve light cloaksI
and as many pieces of tapestry I also gave him twelve cloaks ofF
single fold twelve rugs twelve fair mantles and an equal numberI
of shirts To all this I added four good looking women skilled inA
all useful arts and I let him take his choiceI
His father shed tears and answered Sir you have indeed come toN
the country that you have named but it is fallen into the hands ofF
wicked people All this wealth of presents has been given to noI
purpose If you could have found your friend here alive in IthacaC
he would have entertained you hospitably and would have requiredL
your presents amply when you left him as would have been only rightT2
considering what you have already given him But tell me and tellO2
me true how many years is it since you entertained this guest myZ
unhappy son as ever was Alas He has perished far from his ownF3
country the fishes of the sea have eaten him or he has fallen a preyI
to the birds and wild beasts of some continent Neither his motherI
nor I his father who were his parents could throw our arms about himN2
and wrap him in his shroud nor could his excellent and richly doweredT2
wife Penelope bewail her husband as was natural upon his death bedT2
and close his eyes according to the offices due to the departed ButT2
now tell me truly for I want to know Who and whence are you tell meV
of your town and parents Where is the ship lying that has brought youN
and your men to Ithaca Or were you a passenger on some other man'sI
ship and those who brought you here have gone on their way and leftT2
youN
I will tell you everything answered Ulysses quite truly I comeJ2
from Alybas where I have a fine house I am son of king Apheidas whoN
is the son of Polypemon My own name is Eperitus heaven drove meV
off my course as I was leaving Sicania and I have been carried hereI
against my will As for my ship it is lying over yonder off theC
open country outside the town and this is the fifth year sinceI
Ulysses left my country Poor fellow yet the omens were good forI
him when he left me The birds all flew on our right hands and bothG3
he and I rejoiced to see them as we parted for we had every hope thatT2
we should have another friendly meeting and exchange presentsI
A dark cloud of sorrow fell upon Laertes as he listened He filledT2
both hands with the dust from off the ground and poured it over hisI
grey head groaning heavily as he did so The heart of Ulysses wasI
touched and his nostrils quivered as he looked upon his fatherI
then he sprang towards him flung his arms about him and kissed himN2
saying I am he father about whom you are asking I have returnedT2
after having been away for twenty years But cease your sighing andT2
lamentation we have no time to lose for I should tell you that IZ
have been killing the suitors in my house to punish them for theirI
insolence and crimesI
If you really are my son Ulysses replied Laertes and haveH3
come back again you must give me such manifest proof of your identityV
as shall convince meV
First observe this scar answered Ulysses which I got from aC
boar's tusk when I was hunting on Mount Parnassus You and my motherI
had sent me to Autolycus my mother's father to receive theC
presents which when he was over here he had promised to give meV
Furthermore I will point out to you the trees in the vineyard whichI3
you gave me and I asked you all about them as I followed you roundT2
the garden We went over them all and you told me their names andT2
what they all were You gave me thirteen pear trees ten appleW
trees and forty fig trees you also said you would give me fifty rowsI
of vines there was corn planted between each row and they yieldT2
grapes of every kind when the heat of heaven has been laid heavyV
upon themI2
Laertes' strength failed him when he heard the convincing proofsI
which his son had given him He threw his arms about him andT2
Ulysses had to support him or he would have gone off into a swoonX2
but as soon as he came to and was beginning to recover his senses heV
said O father Jove then you gods are still in Olympus after all ifJ3
the suitors have really been punished for their insolence and follyV
Nevertheless I am much afraid that I shall have all the townspeopleW
of Ithaca up here directly and they will be sending messengersI
everywhere throughout the cities of the CephalleniansI
Ulysses answered Take heart and do not trouble yourself aboutT2
that but let us go into the house hard by your garden I have alreadyV
told Telemachus Philoetius and Eumaeus to go on there and get dinnerI
ready as soon as possibleW
Thus conversing the two made their way towards the house WhenK2
they got there they found Telemachus with the stockman and theC
swineherd cutting up meat and mixing wine with water Then the oldT2
Sicel woman took Laertes inside and washed him and anointed him withM2
oil She put him on a good cloak and Minerva came up to him andT2
gave him a more imposing presence making him taller and stouterI
than before When he came back his son was surprised to see himN2
looking so like an immortal and said to him My dear father someJ2
one of the gods has been making you much taller and better lookingD
Laertes answered Would by Father Jove Minerva and ApolloI
that I were the man I was when I ruled among the Cephallenians andT2
took Nericum that strong fortress on the foreland If I were stillK3
what I then was and had been in our house yesterday with my armour onP
I should have been able to stand by you and help you against theC
suitors I should have killed a great many of them and you would haveH3
rejoiced to see itT2
Thus did they converse but the others when they had finished theirI
work and the feast was ready left off working and took each hisI
proper place on the benches and seats Then they began eating byZ
and by old Dolius and his sons left their work and came up forI
their mother the Sicel woman who looked after Laertes now that he wasI
growing old had been to fetch them When they saw Ulysses and wereI
certain it was he they stood there lost in astonishment butT2
Ulysses scolded them good naturedly and said Sit down to yourI
dinner old man and never mind about your surprise we have beenA
wanting to begin for some time and have been waiting for youN
Then Dolius put out both his hands and went up to Ulysses SirI
said he seizing his master's hand and kissing it at the wrist weV
have long been wishing you home and now heaven has restored you to usI
after we had given up hoping All hail therefore and may the godsI
prosper you But tell me does Penelope already know of your returnL3
or shall we send some one to tell herI
Old man answered Ulysses she knows already so you need notT2
trouble about that On this he took his seat and the sons ofF
Dolius gathered round Ulysses to give him greeting and embrace him oneO
after the other then they took their seats in due order near DoliusI
their fatherI
While they were thus busy getting their dinner ready Rumour wentT2
round the town and noised abroad the terrible fate that hadT2
befallen the suitors as soon therefore as the people heard of itT2
they gathered from every quarter groaning and hooting before theC
house of Ulysses They took the dead away buried every man his ownF3
and put the bodies of those who came from elsewhere on board theC
fishing vessels for the fishermen to take each of them to his ownF3
place They then met angrily in the place of assembly and when theyI
were got together Eupeithes rose to speak He was overwhelmed withM2
grief for the death of his son Antinous who had been the first manJ
killed by Ulysses so he said weeping bitterly My friend thisI
man has done the Achaeans great wrong He took many of our best menK2
away with him in his fleet and he has lost both ships and men nowM3
moreover on his return he has been killing all the foremost men amongD
the Cephallenians Let us be up and doing before he can get away toN
Pylos or to Elis where the Epeans rule or we shall be ashamed ofF
ourselves for ever afterwards It will be an everlasting disgrace toN
us if we do not avenge the murder of our sons and brothers For my ownF3
part I should have no mote pleasure in life but had rather die atT2
once Let us be up then and after them before they can cross overI
to the mainlandT2
He wept as he spoke and every one pitied him But Medon and the bardT2
Phemius had now woke up and came to them from the house of UlyssesI
Every one was astonished at seeing them but they stood in theC
middle of the assembly and Medon said Hear me men of IthacaC
Ulysses did not do these things against the will of heaven I myselfK
saw an immortal god take the form of Mentor and stand beside him ThisI
god appeared now in front of him encouraging him and now goingD
furiously about the court and attacking the suitors whereon theyI
fell thick on one anotherI
On this pale fear laid hold of them and old Halitherses son ofF
Mastor rose to speak for he was the only man among them who knewN
both past and future so he spoke to them plainly and in allN3
honesty sayingD
Men of Ithaca it is all your own fault that things have turned outT2
as they have you would not listen to me nor yet to Mentor when weV
bade you check the folly of your sons who were doing much wrong in theC
wantonness of their hearts wasting the substance and dishonouring theC
wife of a chieftain who they thought would not return Now howeverI
let it be as I say and do as I tell you Do not go out againstT2
Ulysses or you may find that you have been drawing down evil onP
your own headsI
This was what he said and more than half raised a loud shout andT2
at once left the assembly But the rest stayed where they were forI
the speech of Halitherses displeased them and they sided withM2
Eupeithes they therefore hurried off for their armour and whenK2
they had armed themselves they met together in front of the city andT2
Eupeithes led them on in their folly He thought he was going toN
avenge the murder of his son whereas in truth he was never to returnL3
but was himself to perish in his attemptT2
Then Minerva said to Jove Father son of Saturn king of kingsI
answer me this question What do you propose to do Will you setT2
them fighting still further or will you make peace between themI2
And Jove answered My child why should you ask me Was it not byZ
your own arrangement that Ulysses came home and took his revengeO3
upon the suitors Do whatever you like but I will tell you what IZ
think will be most reasonable arrangement Now that Ulysses isI
revenged let them swear to a solemn covenant in virtue of which heV
shall continue to rule while we cause the others to forgive andT2
forget the massacre of their sons and brothers Let them then allN3
become friends as heretofore and let peace and plenty reignP3
This was what Minerva was already eager to bring about so downQ3
she darted from off the topmost summits of OlympusI
Now when Laertes and the others had done dinner Ulysses began byZ
saying Some of you go out and see if they are not getting close upC2
to us So one of Dolius's sons went as he was bid Standing on theC
threshold he could see them all quite near and said to Ulysses HereI
they are let us put on our armour at onceI
They put on their armour as fast as they could that is to sayI
Ulysses his three men and the six sons of Dolius Laertes also andT2
Dolius did the same warriors by necessity in spite of their greyI
hair When they had all put on their armour they opened the gateT2
and sallied forth Ulysses leading the wayI
Then Jove's daughter Minerva came up to them having assumed theC
form and voice of Mentor Ulysses was glad when he saw her and saidT2
to his son Telemachus Telemachus now that are about to fight inA
an engagement which will show every man's mettle be sure not toN
disgrace your ancestors who were eminent for their strength andT2
courage all the world overI
You say truly my dear father answered Telemachus and you shallR3
see if you will that I am in no mind to disgrace your familyV
Laertes was delighted when he heard this Good heavens heV
exclaimed what a day I am enjoying I do indeed rejoice at it MyZ
son and grandson are vying with one another in the matter of valourI
On this Minerva came close up to him and said Son of ArceisiusI
best friend I have in the world pray to the blue eyed damsel andT2
to Jove her father then poise your spear and hurl itT2
As she spoke she infused fresh vigour into him and when he hadT2
prayed to her he poised his spear and hurled it He hit Eupeithes'I
helmet and the spear went right through it for the helmet stayedT2
it not and his armour rang rattling round him as he fell heavily toN
the ground Meantime Ulysses and his son fell the front line of theC
foe and smote them with their swords and spears indeed they wouldT2
have killed every one of them and prevented them from ever gettingD
home again only Minerva raised her voice aloud and made every oneO
pause Men of Ithaca she cried cease this dreadful war and settleW
the matter at once without further bloodshedT2
On this pale fear seized every one they were so frightened thatT2
their arms dropped from their hands and fell upon the ground at theC
sound of the goddess's voice and they fled back to the city for theirI
lives But Ulysses gave a great cry and gathering himself togetherI
swooped down like a soaring eagle Then the son of Saturn sent aC
thunderbolt of fire that fell just in front of Minerva so she said toN
Ulysses Ulysses noble son of Laertes stop this warful strife orI
Jove will be angry with youN
Thus spoke Minerva and Ulysses obeyed her gladly Then MinervaC
assumed the form and voice of Mentor and presently made a covenant ofF
peace between the two contending partiesI
-
-
THE ENDT2

Homer



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