The Four Seasons : Autumn Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPJQRS TIUVWGXTYNZA2BB2NC2D 2E2JGF2G2H2BSI2J2K2L 2M2F2N2O2RP2VQ2R2QS2 C2DZT2U2B2V2W2X2UJY2 Z2A3P2UB3C3H2J2D3E3L H2F3G3H3I3J3QK3L3M3G NM2N3N2O3M3P3Q3R3RS3 RQT3I2U3RV3W3ZGGFX3Y 3Z3A4B4P2C4D4E4JF2F4 RG4H4BI4J4K4GL4QM4H2 I2N4O4JEP4J3Q4JC2T2P 2R4S4RT4X3O2U4T2V4W4 X4B2Y4EZ4GM2D2Crown'd with the sickle and the wheaten sheaf | A |
While Autumn nodding o'er the yellow plain | B |
Comes jovial on the Doric reed once more | C |
Well pleased I tune Whate'er the wintry frost | D |
Nitrous prepared the various blossom'd Spring | E |
Put in white promise forth and Summer suns | F |
Concocted strong rush boundless now to view | G |
Full perfect all and swell my glorious theme | H |
Onslow the Muse ambitious of thy name | I |
To grace inspire and dignify her song | J |
Would from the public voice thy gentle ear | K |
A while engage Thy noble cares she knows | L |
The patriot virtues that distend thy thought | M |
Spread on thy front and in thy bosom glow | N |
While listening senates hang upon thy tongue | O |
Devolving through the maze of eloquence | P |
A roll of periods sweeter than her song | J |
But she too pants for public virtue she | Q |
Though weak of power yet strong in ardent will | R |
Whene'er her country rushes on her heart | S |
Assumes a bolder note and fondly tries | T |
To mix the patriot's with the poet's flame | I |
When the bright Virgin gives the beauteous days | U |
And Libra weighs in equal scales the year | V |
From Heaven's high cope the fierce effulgence shook | W |
Of parting Summer a serener blue | G |
With golden light enliven'd wide invests | X |
The happy world Attemper'd suns arise | T |
Sweet beam'd and shedding oft through lucid clouds | Y |
A pleasing calm while broad and brown below | N |
Extensive harvests hang the heavy head | Z |
Rich silent deep they stand for not a gale | A2 |
Rolls its light billows o'er the bending plain | B |
A calm of plenty till the ruffled air | B2 |
Falls from its poise and gives the breeze to blow | N |
Rent is the fleecy mantle of the sky | C2 |
The clouds fly different and the sudden sun | D2 |
By fits effulgent gilds the illumined field | E2 |
And black by fits the shadows sweep along | J |
A gaily chequer'd heart expanding view | G |
Far as the circling eye can shoot around | F2 |
Unbounded tossing in a flood of corn | G2 |
These are thy blessings Industry rough power | H2 |
Whom labour still attends and sweat and pain | B |
Yet the kind source of every gentle art | S |
And all the soft civility of life | I2 |
Raiser of human kind by Nature cast | J2 |
Naked and helpless out amid the woods | K2 |
And wilds to rude inclement elements | L2 |
With various seeds of art deep in the mind | M2 |
Implanted and profusely pour'd around | F2 |
Materials infinite but idle all | N2 |
Still unexerted in the unconscious breast | O2 |
Slept the lethargic powers Corruption still | R |
Voracious swallow'd what the liberal hand | P2 |
Of bounty scatter'd o'er the savage year | V |
And still the sad barbarian roving mix'd | Q2 |
With beasts of prey or for his acorn meal | R2 |
Fought the fierce tusky boar a shivering wretch | Q |
Aghast and comfortless when the bleak north | S2 |
With Winter charged let the mix'd tempest fly | C2 |
Hail rain and snow and bitter breathing frost | D |
Then to the shelter of the hut he fled | Z |
And the wild season sordid pined away | T2 |
For home he had not home is the resort | U2 |
Of love of joy of peace and plenty where | B2 |
Supporting and supported polish'd friends | V2 |
And dear relations mingle into bliss | W2 |
But this the rugged savage never felt | X2 |
E'en desolate in crowds and thus his days | U |
Roll'd heavy dark and unenjoy'd along | J |
A waste of time till Industry approach'd | Y2 |
And roused him from his miserable sloth | Z2 |
His faculties unfolded pointed out | A3 |
Where lavish Nature the directing hand | P2 |
Of art demanded show'd him how to raise | U |
His feeble force by the mechanic powers | B3 |
To dig the mineral from the vaulted earth | C3 |
On what to turn the piercing rage of fire | H2 |
On what the torrent and the gather'd blast | J2 |
Gave the tall ancient forest to his axe | D3 |
Taught him to chip the wood and hew the stone | E3 |
Till by degrees the finish'd fabric rose | L |
Tore from his limbs the blood polluted fur | H2 |
And wrapt them in the woolly vestment warm | F3 |
Or bright in glossy silk and flowing lawn | G3 |
With wholesome viands fill'd his table pour'd | H3 |
The generous glass around inspired to wake | I3 |
The life refining soul of decent wit | J3 |
Nor stopp'd at barren bare necessity | Q |
But still advancing bolder led him on | K3 |
To pomp to pleasure elegance and grace | L3 |
And breathing high ambition through his soul | M3 |
Set science wisdom glory in his view | G |
And bade him be the Lord of all below | N |
Then gathering men their natural powers combined | M2 |
And form'd a Public to the general good | N3 |
Submitting aiming and conducting all | N2 |
For this the Patriot Council met the full | O3 |
The free and fairly represented Whole | M3 |
For this they plann'd the holy guardian laws | P3 |
Distinguish'd orders animated arts | Q3 |
And with joint force Oppression chaining set | R3 |
Imperial Justice at the helm yet still | R |
To them accountable nor slavish dream'd | S3 |
That toiling millions must resign their weal | R |
And all the honey of their search to such | Q |
As for themselves alone themselves have raised | T3 |
Hence every form of cultivated life | I2 |
In order set protected and inspired | U3 |
Into perfection wrought Uniting all | R |
Society grew numerous high polite | V3 |
And happy Nurse of art the city rear'd | W3 |
In beauteous pride her tower encircled head | Z |
And stretching street on street by thousands drew | G |
From twining woody haunts or the tough yew | G |
To bows strong straining her aspiring sons | F |
Then Commerce brought into the public walk | X3 |
The busy merchant the big warehouse built | Y3 |
Raised the strong crane choked up the loaded street | Z3 |
With foreign plenty and thy stream O Thames | A4 |
Large gentle deep majestic king of floods | B4 |
Chose for his grand resort On either hand | P2 |
Like a long wintry forest groves of masts | C4 |
Shot up their spires the bellying sheet between | D4 |
Possess'd the breezy void the sooty hulk | E4 |
Steer'd sluggish on the splendid barge along | J |
Row'd regular to harmony around | F2 |
The boat light skimming stretch'd its oary wings | F4 |
While deep the various voice of fervent toil | R |
From bank to bank increased whence ribb'd with oak | G4 |
To bear the British thunder black and bold | H4 |
The roaring vessel rush'd into the main | B |
Then too the pillar'd dome magnific heaved | I4 |
Its ample roof and Luxury within | J4 |
Pour'd out her glittering stores the canvass smooth | K4 |
With glowing life protuberant to the view | G |
Embodied rose the statue seem'd to breathe | L4 |
And soften into flesh beneath the touch | Q |
Of forming art imagination flush'd | M4 |
All is the gift of Industry whate'er | H2 |
Exalts embellishes and renders life | I2 |
Delightful Pensive Winter cheer'd by him | N4 |
Sits at the social fire and happy hears | O4 |
The excluded tempest idly rave along | J |
His harden'd fingers deck the gaudy Spring | E |
Without him Summer were an arid waste | P4 |
Nor to the Autumnal months could thus transmit | J3 |
Those full mature immeasurable stores | Q4 |
That waving round recall my wandering song | J |
Soon as the morning trembles o'er the sky | C2 |
And unperceived unfolds the spreading day | T2 |
Before the ripen'd field the reapers stand | P2 |
In fair array each by the lass he loves | R4 |
To bear the rougher part and mitigate | S4 |
By nameless gentle offices her toil | R |
At once they stoop and swell the lusty sheaves | T4 |
While through their cheerful band the rural talk | X3 |
The rural scandal and the rural jest | O2 |
Fly harmless to deceive the tedious time | U4 |
And steal unfelt the sultry hours away | T2 |
Behind the master walks builds up the shocks | V4 |
And conscious glancing oft on every side | W4 |
His sated eye feels his heart heave with joy | X4 |
The gleaners spread around and here and there | B2 |
Spike after spike their scanty harvest pick | Y4 |
Be not too narrow husbandmen but fling | E |
From the full sheaf with charitable stealth | Z4 |
The liberal handful Think oh grateful think | |
How good the God of Harvest is to you | G |
Who pours abundance o'er your flowing fields | |
While these unhappy partners of your kind | M2 |
Wide hover round you like the fowls of heaven | D2 |
And ask their humble dole The various turns | |
Of fortune ponder that your sons may want | |
What now with hard reluctance faint ye give | |
The lovely young Lavinia |
James Thomson
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