Inferno Canto03 Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABA ACA BAB BAD ABA EAB BAB AAA AAA FGH AFA IJA FAF AAF IKA FBA KAK FIF AAA KAF AAA AAA AAA LFF AKA FFA KDK AAA DAD FAF AAA HAA AGA AAA GAG AIA AAA KAA AKA DAK DDA AAA DAD DGA AAA AAA AAA AAG AAA KIA AAA IGA ADA IAA DKD AAA KDK GAA DAD KAG AAA AAA AAA DGLPer me si va ne la citt dolente | A |
per me si va ne l'etterno dolore | B |
per me si va tra la perduta gente | A |
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THROUGH ME THE WAY INTO THE SUFFERING CITY | A |
THROUGH ME THE WAY TO THE ETERNAL PAIN | C |
THROUGH ME THE WAY THAT RUNS AMONG THE LOST | A |
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Giustizia mosse il mio alto fattore | B |
fecemi la divina podestate | A |
la somma sapienza e 'l primo amore | B |
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JUSTICE URGED ON MY HIGH ARTIFICER | B |
MY MAKER WAS DIVINE AUTHORITY | A |
THE HIGHEST WISDOM AND THE PRIMAL LOVE | D |
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Dinanzi a me non fuor cose create | A |
se non etterne e io etterno duro | B |
Lasciate ogne speranza voi ch'intrate quot | A |
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BEFORE ME NOTHING BUT ETERNAL THINGS | E |
WERE MADE AND I ENDURE ETERNALLY | A |
ABANDON EVERY HOPE WHO ENTER HERE | B |
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Queste parole di colore oscuro | B |
vid'io scritte al sommo d'una porta | A |
per ch'io Maestro il senso lor m' duro | B |
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These words their aspect was obscure I read | A |
inscribed above a gateway and I said | A |
quot Master their meaning is difficult for me quot | A |
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Ed elli a me come persona accorta | A |
Qui si convien lasciare ogne sospetto | A |
ogne vilt convien che qui sia morta | A |
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And he to me as one who comprehends | F |
quot Here one must leave behind all hesitation | G |
here every cowardice must meet its death | H |
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Noi siam venuti al loco ov'i' t'ho detto | A |
che tu vedrai le genti dolorose | F |
c'hanno perduto il ben de l'intelletto | A |
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For we have reached the place of which I spoke | I |
where you will see the miserable people | J |
those who have lost the good of the intellect quot | A |
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E poi che la sua mano a la mia puose | F |
con lieto volto ond'io mi confortai | A |
mi mise dentro a le segrete cose | F |
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And when with gladness in his face he placed | A |
his hand upon my own to comfort me | A |
he drew me in among the hidden things | F |
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Quivi sospiri pianti e alti guai | I |
risonavan per l'aere sanza stelle | K |
per ch'io al cominciar ne lagrimai | A |
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Here sighs and lamentations and loud cries | F |
were echoing across the starless air | B |
so that as soon as I set out I wept | A |
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Diverse lingue orribili favelle | K |
parole di dolore accenti d'ira | A |
voci alte e fioche e suon di man con elle | K |
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Strange utterances horrible pronouncements | F |
accents of anger words of suffering | I |
and voices shrill and faint and beating hands | F |
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facevano un tumulto il qual s'aggira | A |
sempre in quell'aura sanza tempo tinta | A |
come la rena quando turbo spira | A |
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all went to make a tumult that will whirl | K |
forever through that turbid timeless air | A |
like sand that eddies when a whirlwind swirls | F |
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E io ch'avea d'error la testa cinta | A |
dissi Maestro che quel ch'i' odo | A |
e che gent' che par nel duol s vinta | A |
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And I my head oppressed by horror said | A |
quot Master what is it that I hear Who are | A |
those people so defeated by their pain quot | A |
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Ed elli a me Questo misero modo | A |
tegnon l'anime triste di coloro | A |
che visser sanza 'nfamia e sanza lodo | A |
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And he to me quot This miserable way | L |
is taken by the sorry souls of those | F |
who lived without disgrace and without praise | F |
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Mischiate sono a quel cattivo coro | A |
de li angeli che non furon ribelli | K |
n fur fedeli a Dio ma per s fuoro | A |
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They now commingle with the coward angels | F |
the company of those who were not rebels | F |
nor faithful to their God but stood apart | A |
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Caccianli i ciel per non esser men belli | K |
n lo profondo inferno li riceve | D |
ch'alcuna gloria i rei avrebber d'elli | K |
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The heavens that their beauty not be lessened | A |
have cast them out nor will deep Hell receive them | A |
even the wicked cannot glory in them quot | A |
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E io Maestro che tanto greve | D |
a lor che lamentar li fa s forte | A |
Rispuose Dicerolti molto breve | D |
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And I quot What is it master that oppresses | F |
these souls compelling them to wail so loud quot | A |
He answered quot I shall tell you in few words | F |
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Questi non hanno speranza di morte | A |
e la lor cieca vita tanto bassa | A |
che 'nvidiosi son d'ogne altra sorte | A |
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Those who are here can place no hope in death | H |
and their blind life is so abject that they | A |
are envious of every other fate | A |
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Fama di loro il mondo esser non lassa | A |
misericordia e giustizia li sdegna | G |
non ragioniam di lor ma guarda e passa | A |
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The world will let no fame of theirs endure | A |
both justice and compassion must disdain them | A |
let us not talk of them but look and pass quot | A |
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E io che riguardai vidi una 'nsegna | G |
che girando correva tanto ratta | A |
che d'ogne posa mi parea indegna | G |
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And I looking more closely saw a banner | A |
that as it wheeled about raced on so quick | I |
that any respite seemed unsuited to it | A |
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e dietro le ven a s lunga tratta | A |
di gente ch'i' non averei creduto | A |
che morte tanta n'avesse disfatta | A |
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Behind that banner trailed so long a file | K |
of people I should never have believed | A |
that death could have unmade so many souls | A |
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Poscia ch'io v'ebbi alcun riconosciuto | A |
vidi e conobbi l'ombra di colui | K |
che fece per viltade il gran rifiuto | A |
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After I had identified a few | D |
I saw and recognized the shade of him | A |
who made through cowardice the great refusal | K |
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Incontanente intesi e certo fui | D |
che questa era la setta d'i cattivi | D |
a Dio spiacenti e a' nemici sui | A |
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At once I understood with certainty | A |
this company contained the cowardly | A |
hateful to God and to His enemies | A |
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Questi sciaurati che mai non fur vivi | D |
erano ignudi e stimolati molto | A |
da mosconi e da vespe ch'eran ivi | D |
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These wretched ones who never were alive | D |
went naked and were stung again again | G |
by horseflies and by wasps that circled them | A |
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Elle rigavan lor di sangue il volto | A |
che mischiato di lagrime a' lor piedi | A |
da fastidiosi vermi era ricolto | A |
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The insects streaked their faces with their blood | A |
which mingled with their tears fell at their feet | A |
where it was gathered up by sickening worms | A |
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E poi ch'a riguardar oltre mi diedi | A |
vidi genti a la riva d'un gran fiume | A |
per ch'io dissi Maestro or mi concedi | A |
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And then looking beyond them I could see | A |
a crowd along the bank of a great river | A |
at which I said quot Allow me now to know | G |
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ch'i' sappia quali sono e qual costume | A |
le fa di trapassar parer s pronte | A |
com'io discerno per lo fioco lume | A |
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who are these people master and what law | K |
has made them seem so eager for the crossing | I |
as I can see despite the feeble light quot | A |
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Ed elli a me Le cose ti fier conte | A |
quando noi fermerem li nostri passi | A |
su la trista riviera d'Acheronte | A |
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And he to me quot When we have stopped along | I |
the melancholy shore of Acheron | G |
then all these matters will be plain to you quot | A |
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Allor con li occhi vergognosi e bassi | A |
temendo no 'l mio dir li fosse grave | D |
infino al fiume del parlar mi trassi | A |
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At that with eyes ashamed downcast and fearing | I |
that what I said had given him offense | A |
I did not speak until we reached the river | A |
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Ed ecco verso noi venir per nave | D |
un vecchio bianco per antico pelo | K |
gridando Guai a voi anime prave | D |
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And here advancing toward us in a boat | A |
an aged man his hair was white with years | A |
was shouting quot Woe to you corrupted souls | A |
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Non isperate mai veder lo cielo | K |
i' vegno per menarvi a l'altra riva | D |
ne le tenebre etterne in caldo e 'n gelo | K |
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Forget your hope of ever seeing Heaven | G |
I come to lead you to the other shore | A |
to the eternal dark to fire and frost | A |
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E tu che se' cost anima viva | D |
p rtiti da cotesti che son morti | A |
Ma poi che vide ch'io non mi partiva | D |
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And you approaching there you living soul | K |
keep well away from these they are the dead quot | A |
But when he saw I made no move to go | G |
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disse Per altra via per altri porti | A |
verrai a piaggia non qui per passare | A |
pi lieve legno convien che ti porti | A |
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he said quot Another way and other harbors | A |
not here will bring you passage to your shore | A |
a lighter craft will have to carry you quot | A |
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E 'l duca lui Caron non ti crucciare | A |
vuolsi cos col dove si puote | A |
ci che si vuole e pi non dimandare | A |
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My guide then quot Charon don't torment yourself | D |
our passage has been willed above where One | G |
can do what He has wi | L |
Dante Alighieri
(1)
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