To Italy (1818) Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABBCDCEFGEHIJJKLKMMN OOPQRRSARTHUAVWVXXYY ZZA2A2B2C2C2D2AE2F2G 2E2FFAAH2I2J2K2TTL2A M2N2SSO2P2Q2Q2R2HS2S 2SST2U2V2W2X2AHX2X2Y 2X2Z2A3X2X2X2X2AX2Z2 X2X2SASX2B3X2ARC3D3L 2C3E3X2X2X2F3X2AX2G3 X2X2X2AH3AI3AOAB2AX2 AAV2V2OX2X2AAX2A2TM2My country I the walls the arches see | A |
The columns statues and the towers | B |
Deserted of our ancestors | B |
But ah the glory I do not behold | C |
The laurel and the sword that graced | D |
Our sires of old | C |
Now all unarmed a naked brow | E |
A naked breast dost thou display | F |
Ah me how many wounds what stains of blood | G |
Oh what a sight art thou | E |
Most beautiful of women I | H |
To heaven cry aloud and to the world | I |
'Who hath reduced her to this pass | J |
Say say ' And worst of all alas | J |
See both her arms in chains are bound | K |
With hair dishevelled and without a veil | L |
She sits disconsolate upon the ground | K |
And hides her face between her knees | M |
As she bewails her miseries | M |
Oh weep my Italy for thou hast cause | N |
Thou who wast born the nations to subdue | O |
As victor and as victim too | O |
Oh if thy eyes two living fountains were | P |
The volume of their tears could ne'er express | Q |
Thy utter helplessness thy shame | R |
Thou who wast once the haughty dame | R |
And now the wretched slave | S |
Who speaks or writes of thee | A |
That must not bitterly exclaim | R |
'She once was great but oh behold her now' | T |
Why hast thou fallen thus oh why | H |
Where is the ancient force | U |
Where are the arms the valor constancy | A |
Who hath deprived thee of thy sword | V |
What treachery what skill what labor vast | W |
Or what o'erwhelming horde | V |
Whose fierce invading tide thou could'st not stem | X |
Hath robbed thee of thy robe and diadem | X |
From such a height how couldst thou fall so low | Y |
Will none defend thee No | Y |
No son of thine For arms for arms I call | Z |
Alone I'll fight for thee alone will fall | Z |
And from my blood a votive offering | A2 |
May flames of fire in every bosom spring | A2 |
Where are thy sons The sound of arms I hear | B2 |
Of chariots of voices and of drums | C2 |
From foreign lands it comes | C2 |
For which thy children fight | D2 |
Oh hearken hearken Italy I see | A |
Or is it but a dream | E2 |
A wavering of horse and foot | F2 |
And smoke and dust and flashing swords | G2 |
That like the lightning gleam | E2 |
Art thou not comforted Dost turn away | F |
Thy eyes in horror from the doubtful fray | F |
Ye gods ye gods Oh can it be | A |
The youth of Italy | A |
Their hireling swords for other lands have bared | H2 |
Oh wretched he in war who falls | I2 |
Not for his native shores | J2 |
His loving wife and children dear | K2 |
But fighting for another's gain | T |
And by another's foe is slain | T |
Nor can he say as his last breath he draws | L2 |
'My mother land beloved ah see | A |
The life thou gav'st I render back to thee ' | M2 |
Oh fortunate and dear and blessed | N2 |
The ancient days when rushed to death the brave | S |
In crowds their country's life to save | S |
And you forever glorious | O2 |
Thessalian straits | P2 |
Where Persia Fate itself could not withstand | Q2 |
The fiery zeal of that devoted band | Q2 |
Do not the trees the rocks the waves | R2 |
The mountains to each passer by | H |
With low and plaintive voice tell | S2 |
The wondrous tale of those who fell | S2 |
Heroes invincible who gave | S |
Their lives their Greece to save | S |
Then cowardly as fierce | T2 |
Xerxes across the Hellespont retired | U2 |
A laughing stock to all succeeding time | V2 |
And up Anthela's hill where e'en in death | W2 |
The sacred Band immortal life obtained | X2 |
Simonides slow climbing thoughtfully | A |
Looked forth on sea and shore and sky | H |
And then his cheeks with tears bedewed | X2 |
And heaving breast and trembling foot he stood | X2 |
His lyre in hand and sang | Y2 |
'O ye forever blessed | X2 |
Who bared your breasts unto the foeman's lance | Z2 |
For love of her who gave you birth | A3 |
By Greece revered and by the world admired | X2 |
What ardent love your youthful minds inspired | X2 |
To rush to arms such perils dire to meet | X2 |
A fate so hard with loving smiles to greet | X2 |
Her children why so joyously | A |
Ran ye that stern and rugged pass to guard | X2 |
As if unto a dance | Z2 |
Or to some splendid feast | X2 |
Each one appeared to haste | X2 |
And not grim death Death to brave | S |
But Tartarus awaited ye | A |
And the cold Stygian wave | S |
Nor were your wives or children at your side | X2 |
When on that rugged shore | B3 |
Without a kiss without a tear ye died | X2 |
But not without a fearful blow | A |
To Persians dealt and their undying shame | R |
As at a herd of bulls a lion glares | C3 |
Then plunging in upon the back | D3 |
Of this one leaps and with his claws | L2 |
A passage all along his chine he tears | C3 |
And fiercely drives his teeth into his sides | E3 |
Such havoc Grecian wrath and valor made | X2 |
Amongst the Persian ranks dismayed | X2 |
Behold each prostrate rider and his steed | X2 |
Behold the chariots and the fallen tents | F3 |
A tangled mass their flight impede | X2 |
And see among the first to fly | A |
The tyrant pale and in disorder wild | X2 |
See how the Grecian youths | G3 |
With blood barbaric dyed | X2 |
And dealing death on every side | X2 |
By slow degrees by their own wounds subdued | X2 |
The one upon the other fall Farewell | A |
Ye heroes blessed whose names shall live | H3 |
While tongue can speak or pen your story tell | A |
Sooner the stars torn from their spheres shall hiss | I3 |
Extinguished in the bottom of the sea | A |
Than the dear memory and love of you | O |
Shall suffer loss or injury | A |
Your tomb an altar is the mothers here | B2 |
Shall come unto their little ones to show | A |
The lovely traces of your blood Behold | X2 |
Ye blessed myself upon the ground I throw | A |
And kiss these stones these clods | A |
Whose fame unto the end of time | V2 |
Shall sacred be in every clime | V2 |
Oh had I too been here with you | O |
And this dear earth had moistened with my blood | X2 |
But since stern Fate would not consent | X2 |
That I for Greece my dying eyes should close | A |
In conflict with her foes | A |
Still may the gracious gods accept | X2 |
The offering I bring | A2 |
And grant to me the precious boon | T |
Your Hymn of Praise to sing ' | M2 |
Count Giacomo Leopardi
(1)
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