To Angelo Mai, Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: AB CDEFGHIJKLLMNOO PQARSRTUNVUWXYY ZA2TB2C2D2E2VF2G2H2H 2E2I2I2 J2E2K2XL2M2L2E2N2O2P 2Q2R2S2J2 T2U2D2U2KV2U2W2X2I2J 2X2X2L2L2 TY2Z2Y2A3X2P2YX2YE2B 3B3E2C3C3 D3E3F3G3X2X2E2E2TX2C 3C3TG3I2 I2F3H3F3X2I3IIX2IJ3I X2X2X2 ITTK3E2L3E2X2VIIX2M3 X2X2 IL2IIX2KTJ2E2J2S2E2N 3M3X Y2X2F3IX2IIX2O3O3X2O 3X2H2H2 D2X2X2TX2X2X2TIIS2P2 P3K2K2

ON HIS DISCOVERY OF THE LOST BOOKS OF CICEROA
'DE REPUBLICA 'B
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Italian bold why wilt thou never ceaseC
The fathers from their tombs to summon forthD
Why bring them with this dead age to converseE
That stifled is by enemies and by slothF
And why dost thou voice of our ancestorsG
That hast so long been muteH
Resound so loud and frequent in our earsI
Why all these grand discoveriesJ
As in a flash the fruitful pages comeK
What hath this wretched age deservedL
That dusty cloisters have for it reservedL
These hidden treasures of the wise and braveM
Illustrious man with what strange powerN
Does Fate thy ardent zeal befriendO
Or does Fate vainly with man's will contendO
-
Without the lofty counsel of the godsP
It surely could not be that nowQ
When we were never sunk so lowA
In desperate oblivion of the PastR
Each moment comes a cry renewedS
From our great sires to shake our souls at lastR
Heaven still some pity shows for ItalyT
Some god hath still our happiness at heartU
Since this or else no other is the hourN
Italian virtue to redeemV
And its old lustre once more to impartU
These pleading voices from the grave we hearW
Forgotten heroes rise from earth againX
To see my country if at this late dayY
Thou still art pleased the coward's part to playY
-
And do ye cherish stillZ
Illustrious shades some hope of usA2
Have we not perished utterlyT
To you perhaps it is allowed to readB2
The book of destiny I am dismayedC2
And have no refuge from my griefD2
For dark to me the future is and allE2
That I discern is such as makes hope seemV
A fable and a dream To your old homesF2
A wretched crew succeed to noble act or wordG2
They pay no heed for your eternal fameH2
They know no envy feel no blush of shameH2
A filthy mob your monuments defileE2
To ages yet unbornI2
We have become a by word and a scornI2
-
Thou noble spirit if no others careJ2
For our great Fathers' fame oh care thou stillE2
Thou to whom Fate hath so benignant beenK2
That those old days appear againX
When roused from dire oblivion's tombL2
Came forth with all the treasures of their loreM2
Those ancient bards divine with whomL2
Great Nature spake but still behind her veilE2
And with her mysteries gracedN2
The holidays of Athens and of RomeO2
O times now buried in eternal sleepP2
Our country's ruin was not then completeQ2
We then a life of wretched sloth disdainedR2
Still from our native soil were borne afarS2
Some sparks of genius by the passing airJ2
-
Thy holy ashes still were warmT2
Whom hostile fortune ne'er unmannedU2
Unto whose anger and whose griefD2
Hell was more grateful than thy native landU2
Ah what but hell has Italy becomeK
And thy sweet cordsV2
Still trembled at the touch of thy right handU2
Unhappy bard of loveW2
Alas Italian song is still the childX2
Of sorrow bornI2
And yet less hard to bearJ2
Consuming grief than dull vacuityX2
O blessed thou whose life was one lamentX2
Disgust and nothingness are still our doomL2
And by our cradle sit and on our tombL2
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But thy life then was with the stars and seaT
Liguria's hardy sonY2
When thou beyond the columns and the shoresZ2
Where oft at set of sunY2
The waves are heard to hissA3
As he into their depths has plungedX2
Committed to the boundless deepP2
Didst find again the sun's declining rayY
The new born day didst findX2
When it from us had passed awayY
Defying Nature's every obstacleE2
A land unknown didst win the glorious spoilsB3
Of all thy perils all thy toilsB3
And yet when known the world seems smaller stillE2
And earth and ocean and the heavenly sphereC3
More vast unto the child than to the sage appearC3
-
Where now are all the charming dreamsD3
Of the mysterious retreatsE3
Of dwellers unto us unknownF3
Or where by day the stars to rest have goneG3
Or of the couch remote of Eos brightX2
Or of the sun's mysterious sleep at nightX2
They in an instant vanished allE2
A little chart portrays this earthly ballE2
Lo all things are alike discoveryT
But proves the way for dull vacuityX2
Farewell to thee O Fancy dearC3
If plain unvarnished truth appearC3
Thought more and more is still estranged from theeT
Thy power so mighty once will soon be goneG3
And our poor wounded hearts be left forlornI2
-
But thou for these sweet dreams wast bornI2
And the old sun upon thee shoneF3
Delightful singer of the arms and lovesH3
That in an age far happier than our ownF3
Men's lives with pleasing errors filledX2
New hope of Italy O towers O cavesI3
O ladies cavaliersI
O gardens palaces AmenitesI
At thought of which the mindX2
Is lost in thousand splendid reveriesI
Ye lovely fables and ye thoughts grotesqueJ3
Now banished And what to us remainsI
Now that the bloom from all things is removedX2
Alas the sole the certain thoughtX2
That all except our wretchedness is noughtX2
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Torquato O Torquato heaven to usI
The rich gift of thy genius gave to theeT
Nought else but miseryT
Ill starred Torquato whom thy songK3
So sweet could not consoleE2
Nor melt the ice to whichL3
The genial current of thy soulE2
Was turned by private envy princely hateX2
And then by Love abandoned life's last dreamV
To thee nought real seemed but nothingnessI
The world a dreary wildernessI
Too late the honors came so long deferredX2
And yet to die was unto thee a gainM3
Who knows the evils of our mortal stateX2
Demands but death no garland asks of FateX2
-
Return return to usI
Rise from thy silent dreary tombL2
And feast thine eyes on our distressI
O thou whose life was crowned with wretchednessI
Far worse than what appeared to thee so sadX2
And infamous have all our lives becomeK
Dear friend who now would pity theeT
When none save for himself hath thought or careJ2
Who would not thy keen anguish folly callE2
When all things great and rare the name of folly bearJ2
When envy no but worse than envy farS2
Indifference pervades our rulers allE2
Ah who would now when we all thinkN3
Of song so little and so much of gainM3
A laurel for thy brow prepare againX
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Ah since thy day there has appeared but oneY2
Who has the fame of Italy redeemedX2
Too good for his vile age he stands aloneF3
One of the fierce AllobrogesI
Whose manly virtue was derivedX2
Direct from heavenly powersI
Not from this dry unfruitful earth of oursI
Whence he alone unarmedX2
O matchless courage from the stageO3
Did war upon the ruthless tyrants wageO3
The only war the only weapon leftX2
Against the crimes and follies of the ageO3
First and alone he took the fieldX2
None followed him all else were cowards tameH2
Lost to all sense of honor or of shameH2
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Devoured by anger and by griefD2
His spotless life he passedX2
Till from worse scenes released by death at lastX2
O my Victorio this was not for theeT
The fitting age or landX2
Great souls congenial times and climes demandX2
In mere repose we live contentX2
And vulgar mediocrityT
The wise man sinks the mob ascendsI
Till all at last in one dread level endsI
Go on thou great discovererS2
Revive the dead since all the living sleepP2
Dead tongues of ancient heroes arm anewP3
Till this vile age a new life strive to winK2
By noble deeds or perish in its sinK2

Count Giacomo Leopardi



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