The Armada Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: A ABBCCBC ADDEFFE AGGDDDDDDFFDD A AHHDDHD AEEIBBI ADDJJKKDDDDLL A ABBBDDDDDDMMMDDDNNNA AA AOPPNNNMMMNNNNNNNNNQ QF AFFFMMMNNNCCCNNNNNNR RRFFSNNN ATUVCCCNNNNNNNNNNNND DDMMMNNN N AFAFAAFDFDDNWNWWXDXD DYAYAAKDKDDNNNNN AYAYAAD D NNNNNDZDZZFLFLLDNDNN DA2DA2A2 A AB2B2OPC2C2 ANNMMQQ ANNNNNND2D2DDMMNNDDD DE2E2SFDDF2F2NNC2C2D DDDNNNNG2G2NNDDNNNND DDDNNH2H2NNNNDDJJDDD DPONNNN A ACCCAAADDDDDDXXXI2I2 I2NNNJ2J2J2DDD ADDDPPPDDDNNNK2K2K2L LLNNNJJJNNN

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England mother born of seamen daughter fostered of the seaB
Mother more beloved than all who bear not all their children freeB
Reared and nursed and crowned and cherished by the sea wind and the sunC
Sweetest land and strongest face most fair and mightiest heart in oneC
Stands not higher than when the centuries known of earth were less by threeB
When the strength that struck the whole world pale fell back from hers undoneC
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IIA
At her feet were the heads of her foes bowed down and the strengths of the storm of them stayedD
And the hearts that were touched not with mercy with terror were touched and amazed and affrayedD
Yea hearts that had never been molten with pity were molten with fear as with flameE
And the priests of the Godhead whose temple is hell and his heart is of iron and fireF
And the swordsmen that served and the seamen that sped them whom peril could tame not or tireF
Were as foam on the winds of the waters of England which tempest can tire not or tameE
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IIIA
They were girded about with thunder and lightning came forth of the rage of their strengthG
And the measure that measures the wings of the storm was the breadth of their force and the lengthG
And the name of their might was Invincible covered and clothed with the terror of GodD
With his wrath were they winged with his love were they fired with the speed of his winds were they shodD
With his soul were they filled in his trust were they comforted grace was upon them as nightD
And faith as the blackness of darkness the fume of their balefires was fair in his sightD
The reek of them sweet as a savour of myrrh in his nostrils the world that he madeD
Theirs was it by gift of his servants the wind if they spake in his name was afraidD
And the sun was a shadow before it the stars were astonished with fear of it fireF
Went up to them fed with men living and lit of men's hands for a shrine or a pyreF
And the east and the west wind scattered their ashes abroad that his name should be blestD
Of the tribes of the chosen whose blessings are curses from uttermost east unto westD
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Hell for Spain and heaven for England God to God and man to manH
Met confronted light with darkness life with death since time beganH
Never earth nor sea beheld so great a stake before them setD
Save when Athens hurled back Asia from the lists wherein they metD
Never since the sands of ages through the glass of history ranH
Saw the sun in heaven a lordlier day than this that lights us yetD
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IIA
For the light that abides upon England the glory that rests on her godlike nameE
The pride that is love and the love that is faith a perfume dissolved in flameE
Took fire from the dawn of the fierce July when fleets were scattered as foamI
And squadrons as flakes of spray when galleon and galliass that shadowed the seaB
Were swept from her waves like shadows that pass with the clouds they fell from and sheB
Laughed loud to the wind as it gave to her keeping the glories of Spain and RomeI
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Three hundred summers have fallen as leaves by the storms in their season thinnedD
Since northward the war ships of Spain came sheer up the way of the south west windD
Where the citadel cliffs of England are flanked with bastions of serpentineJ
Far off to the windward loomed their hulls an hundred and twenty nineJ
All filled full of the war full fraught with battle and charged with baleK
Then store ships weighted with cannon and all were an hundred and fifty sailK
The measureless menace of darkness anhungered with hope to prevail upon lightD
The shadow of death made substance the present and visible spirit of nightD
Came shaped as a waxing or waning moon that rose with the fall of dayD
To the channel where couches the Lion in guard of the gate of the lustrous bayD
Fair England sweet as the sea that shields her and pure as the sea from stainL
Smiled hearing hardly for scorn that stirred her the menace of saintly SpainL
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They that ride over ocean wide with hempen bridle and horse of treeB
How shall they in the darkening day of wrath and anguish and fear go freeB
How shall these that have curbed the seas not feel his bridle who made the seaB
God shall bow them and break them now for what is man in the Lord God's sightD
Fear shall shake them and shame shall break and all the noon of their pride be nightD
These that sinned shall the ravening wind of doom bring under and judgment smiteD
England broke from her neck the yoke and rent the fetter and mocked the rodD
Shrines of old that she decked with gold she turned to dust to the dust she trodD
What is she that the wind and sea should fight beside her and war with GodD
Lo the cloud of his ships that crowd her channel's inlet with storm sublimeM
Darker far than the tempests are that sweep the skies of her northmost climeM
Huge and dense as the walls that fence the secret darkness of unknown timeM
Mast on mast as a tower goes past and sail by sail as a cloud's wing spreadD
Fleet by fleet as the throngs whose feet keep time with death in his dance of dreadD
Galleons dark as the helmsman's bark of old that ferried to hell the deadD
Squadrons proud as their lords and loud with tramp of soldiers and chant of priestsN
Slaves there told by the thousandfold made fast in bondage as herded beastsN
Lords and slaves that the sweet free waves shall feed on satiate with funeral feastsN
Nay not so shall it be they know their priests have said it can priesthood lieA
God shall keep them their God shall sleep not peril and evil shall pass them byA
Nay for these are his children seas and winds shall bid not his children dieA
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IIA
So they boast them the monstrous host whose menace mocks at the dawn and hereO
They that wait at the wild sea's gate and watch the darkness of doom draw nearP
How shall they in their evil day sustain the strength of their hearts for fearP
Full July in the fervent sky sets forth her twentieth of changing mornsN
Winds fall mild that of late waxed wild no presage whispers or wails or warnsN
Far to west on the bland sea's breast a sailing crescent uprears her hornsN
Seven wide miles the serene sea smiles between them stretching from rim to rimM
Soft they shine but a darker sign should bid not hope or belief wax dimM
God's are these men and not the sea's their trust is set not on her but himM
God's but who is the God whereto the prayers and incense of these men riseN
What is he that the wind and sea should fear him quelled by his sunbright eyesN
What that men should return again and hail him Lord of the servile skiesN
Hell's own flame at his heavenly name leaps higher and laughs and its gulfs rejoiceN
Plague and death from his baneful breath take life and lighten and praise his choiceN
Chosen are they to devour for prey the tribes that hear not and fear his voiceN
Ay but we that the wind and sea gird round with shelter of storms and wavesN
Know not him that ye worship grim as dreams that quicken from dead men's gravesN
God is one with the sea the sun the land that nursed us the love that savesN
Love whose heart is in ours and part of all things noble and all things fairQ
Sweet and free as the circling sea sublime and kind as the fostering airQ
Pure of shame as is England's name whose crowns to come are as crowns that wereF
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But the Lord of darkness the God whose love is a flaming fireF
The master whose mercy fulfils wide hell till its torturers tireF
He shall surely have heed of his servants who serve him for love not hireF
They shall fetter the wing of the wind whose pinions are plumed with foamM
For now shall thy horn be exalted and now shall thy bolt strike homeM
Yea now shall thy kingdom come Lord God of the priests of RomeM
They shall cast thy curb on the waters and bridle the waves of the seaN
They shall say to her Peace be still and stillness and peace shall beN
And the winds and the storms shall hear them and tremble and worship theeN
Thy breath shall darken the morning and wither the mounting sunC
And the daysprings frozen and fettered shall know thee and cease to runC
The heart of the world shall feel thee and die and thy will be doneC
The spirit of man that would sound thee and search out causes of thingsN
Shall shrink and subside and praise thee and wisdom with plume plucked wingsN
Shall cower at thy feet and confess thee that none may fathom thy springsN
The fountains of song that await but the wind of an April to beN
To burst the bonds of the winter and speak with the sound of a seaN
The blast of thy mouth shall quench them and song shall be only of theeN
The days that are dead shall quicken the seasons that were shall returnR
And the streets and the pastures of England the woods that burgeon and yearnR
Shall be whitened with ashes of women and children and men that burnR
For the mother shall burn with the babe sprung forth of her womb in fireF
And bride with bridegroom and brother with sister and son with sireF
And the noise of the flames shall be sweet in thine ears as the sound of a lyreS
Yea so shall thy kingdom be stablished and so shall the signs of it beN
And the world shall know and the wind shall speak and the sun shall seeN
That these are the works of thy servants whose works bear witness to theeN
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IIA
But the dusk of the day falls fruitless whose light should have lit them onT
Sails flash through the gloom to shoreward eclipsed as the sun that shoneU
And the west wind wakes with dawn and the hope that was here is goneV
Around they wheel and around two knots to the Spaniard's oneC
The wind swift warriors of England who shoot as with shafts of the sunC
With fourfold shots for the Spaniard's that spare not till day be doneC
And the wind with the sundown sharpens and hurtles the ships to the leeN
And Spaniard on Spaniard smites and shatters and yields and weN
Ere battle begin stand lords of the battle acclaimed of the seaN
And the day sweeps round to the nightward and heavy and hard the wavesN
Roll in on the herd of the hurtling galleons and masters and slavesN
Reel blind in the grasp of the dark strong wind that shall dig their gravesN
For the sepulchres hollowed and shaped of the wind in the swerve of the seasN
The graves that gape for their pasture and laugh thrilled through by the breezeN
The sweet soft merciless waters await and are fain of theseN
As the hiss of a Python heaving in menace of doom to beN
They hear through the clear night round them whose hours are as clouds that fleeN
The whisper of tempest sleeping the heave and the hiss of the seaN
But faith is theirs and with faith are they girded and helmed and shodD
Invincible are they almighty elect for a sword and a rodD
Invincible even as their God is omnipotent infinite GodD
In him is their strength who have sworn that his glory shall wax not dimM
In his name are their war ships hallowed as mightiest of all that swimM
The men that shall cope with these and conquer shall cast out himM
In him is the trust of their hearts the desire of their eyes is heN
The light of their ways made lightning for men that would fain be freeN
Earth's hosts are with them and with them is heaven but with us is the seaN
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And a day and a night pass overF
And the heart of their chief swells highA
For England the warrior the roverF
Whose banners on all winds flyA
Soul stricken he saith by the shadow of death holds off him and draws not nighA
And the wind and the dawn togetherF
Make in from the gleaming eastD
And fain of the wild glad weatherF
As famine is fain of feastD
And fain of the fight forth sweeps in its might the host of the Lord's high priestD
And lightly before the breezeN
The ships of his foes take wingW
Are they scattered the lords of the seasN
Are they broken the foes of the kingW
And ever now higher as a mounting fire the hopes of the Spaniard springW
And a windless night comes downX
And a breezeless morning brightD
With promise of praise to crownX
The close of the crowning fightD
Leaps up as the foe's heart leaps and glows with lustrous rapture of lightD
And stinted of gear for battleY
The ships of the sea's folk lieA
Unwarlike herded as cattleY
Six miles from the foeman's eyeA
That fastens as flame on the sight of them tame and offenceless and ranged as to dieA
Surely the souls in them quailK
They are stricken and withered at heartD
When in on them sail by sailK
Fierce marvels of monstrous artD
Tower darkening on tower till the sea winds cower crowds down as to hurl them apartD
And the windless weather is kindlyN
And comforts the host in theseN
And their hearts are uplift in them blindlyN
And blindly they boast at easeN
That the next day's fight shall exalt them and smite with destruction the lords of the seasN
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IIA
And lightly the proud hearts prattleY
And lightly the dawn draws nighA
The dawn of the doom of the battleY
When these shall falter and flyA
No day more great in the roll of fate filled ever with fire the skyA
To fightward they go as to feastwardD
And the tempest of ships that drive-
Sets eastward ever and eastwardD
Till closer they strain and strive-
And the shots that rain on the hulls of Spain are as thunders afire and alive-
And about them the blithe sea smilesN
And flashes to windward and leeN
Round capes and headlands and islesN
That heed not if war there beN
Round Sark round Wight green jewels of light in the ring of the golden seaN
But the men that within them abideD
Are stout of spirit and starkZ
As rocks that repel the tideD
As day that repels the darkZ
And the light bequeathed from their swords unsheathed shines lineal on Wight and on SarkZ
And eastward the storm sets everF
The storm of the sails that strainL
And follow and close and severF
And lose and return and gainL
And English thunder divides in sunder the holds of the ships of SpainL
Southward to Calais appalledD
And astonished the vast fleet veersN
And the skies are shrouded and palledD
But the moonless midnight hearsN
And sees how swift on them drive and drift strange flames that the darkness fearsN
They fly through the night from shorewardD
Heart stricken till morning breakA2
And ever to scourge them forwardD
Drives down on them England's DrakeA2
And hurls them in as they hurtle and spin and stagger with storm to wakeA2
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And now is their time come on them For eastward they drift and reelB2
With the shallows of Flanders ahead with destruction and havoc at heelB2
With God for their comfort only the God whom they serve and hereO
Their Lord of his great loving kindness may revel and make good cheerP
Though ever his lips wax thirstier with drinking and hotter the lusts in him swellC2
For he feeds the thirst that consumes him with blood and his winepress fumes with the reek of hellC2
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IIA
Fierce noon beats hard on the battle the galleons that loom to the leeN
Bow down heel over uplifting their shelterless hulls from the seaN
From scuppers aspirt with blood from guns dismounted and dumbM
The signs of the doom they looked for the loud mute witnesses comeM
They press with sunset to seaward for comfort and shall not they find it thereQ
O servants of God most high shall his winds not pass you by and his waves not spareQ
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The wings of the south west wind are widened the breath of his fervent lipsN
More keen than a sword's edge fiercer than fire falls full on the plunging shipsN
The pilot is he of their northward flight their stay and their steersman heN
A helmsman clothed with the tempest and girdled with strength to constrain the seaN
And the host of them trembles and quails caught fast in his hand as a bird in the toilsN
For the wrath and the joy that fulfil him are mightier than man's whom he slays and spoilsN
And vainly with heart divided in sunder and labour of wavering willD2
The lord of their host takes counsel with hope if haply their star shine stillD2
If haply some light be left them of chance to renew and redeem the frayD
But the will of the black south wester is lord of the councils of war to dayD
One only spirit it quells not a splendour undarkened of chance or timeM
Be the praise of his foes with Oquendo for ever a name as a star sublimeM
But here what aid in a hero's heart what help in his hand may beN
For ever the dark wind whitens and blackens the hollows and heights of the seaN
And galley by galley divided and desolate founders and none takes heedD
Nor foe nor friend if they perish forlorn cast off in their uttermost needD
They sink in the whelm of the waters as pebbles by children from shoreward hurledD
In the North Sea's waters that end not nor know they a bourn but the bourn of the worldD
Past many a secure unavailable harbour and many a loud stream's mouthE2
Past Humber and Tees and Tyne and Tweed they fly scourged on from the southE2
And torn by the scourge of the storm wind that smites as a harper smites on a lyreS
And consumed of the storm as the sacrifice loved of their God is consumed with fireF
And devoured of the darkness as men that are slain in the fires of his love are devouredD
And deflowered of their lives by the storms as by priests is the spirit of life defloweredD
For the wind of its godlike mercy relents not and hounds them ahead to the northF2
With English hunters at heel till now is the herd of them past the ForthF2
All huddled and hurtled seaward and now need none wage war upon theseN
Nor huntsmen follow the quarry whose fall is the pastime sought of the seasN
Day upon day upon day confounds them with measureless mists that swellC2
With drift of rains everlasting and dense as the fumes of ascending hellC2
The visions of priest and of prophet beholding his enemies bruised of his rodD
Beheld but the likeness of this that is fallen on the faithful the friends of GodD
Northward and northward and northward they stagger and shudder and swerve and flitD
Dismantled of masts and of yards with sails by the fangs of the storm wind splitD
But north of the headland whose name is Wrath by the wrath or the ruth of the seaN
They are swept or sustained to the westward and drive through the rollers aloof to the leeN
Some strive yet northward for Iceland and perish but some through the storm hewn straitsN
That sunder the Shetlands and Orkneys are borne of the breath which is God's or fate'sN
And some by the dawn of September at last give thanks as for stars that smileG2
For the winds have swept them to shelter and sight of the cliffs of a Catholic isleG2
Though many the fierce rocks feed on and many the merciless heretic slaysN
Yet some that have laboured to land with their treasure are trustful and give God praiseN
And the kernes of murderous Ireland athirst with a greed everlasting of bloodD
Unslakable ever with slaughter and spoil rage down as a ravening floodD
To slay and to flay of their shining apparel their brethren whom shipwreck sparesN
Such faith and such mercy such love and such manhood such hands and such hearts are theirsN
Short shrift to her foes gives England but shorter doth Ireland to friends and worseN
Fare they that came with a blessing on treason than they that come with a curseN
Hacked harried and mangled of axes and skenes three thousand naked and deadD
Bear witness of Catholic Ireland what sons of what sires at her breasts are bredD
Winds are pitiful waves are merciful tempest and storm are kindD
The waters that smite may spare and the thunder is deaf and the lightning is blindD
Of these perchance at his need may a man though they know it not yet find graceN
But grace if another be hardened against him he gets not at this man's faceN
For his ear that hears and his eye that sees the wreck and the wail of menH2
And his heart that relents not within him but hungers are like as the wolf's in his denH2
Worthy are these to worship their master the murderous Lord of liesN
Who hath given to the pontiff his servant the keys of the pit and the keys of the skiesN
Wild famine and red shod rapine are cruel and bitter with blood are their feastsN
But fiercer than famine and redder than rapine the hands and the hearts of priestsN
God God bade these to the battle and here on a land by his servants trodD
They perish a lordly blood offering subdued by the hands of the servants of GodD
These also were fed of his priests with faith with the milk of his word and the wineJ
These too are fulfilled with the spirit of darkness that guided their quest divineJ
And here cast up from the ravening sea on the mild land's merciful breastD
This comfort they find of their fellows in worship this guerdon is theirs of their questD
Death was captain and doom was pilot and darkness the chart of their wayD
Night and hell had in charge and in keeping the host of the foes of dayD
Invincible vanquished impregnable shattered a sign to her foes of fearP
A sign to the world and the stars of laughter the fleet of the Lord lies hereO
Nay for none may declare the place of the ruin wherein she liesN
Nay for none hath beholden the grave whence never a ghost shall riseN
The fleet of the foemen of England hath found not one but a thousand gravesN
And he that shall number and name them shall number by name and by tale the wavesN
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Sixtus Pope of the Church whose hope takes flight for heaven to dethrone the sunC
Philip king that wouldst turn our spring to winter blasted appalled undoneC
Prince and priest let a mourner's feast give thanks to God for your conquest wonC
England's heel is upon you kneel O priest O prince in the dust and cryA
Lord why thus art thou wroth with us whose faith was great in thee God most highA
Whence is this that the serpent's hiss derides us Lord can thy pledged word lieA
God of hell are its flames that swell quenched now for ever extinct and deadD
Who shall fear thee or who shall hear the word thy servants who feared thee saidD
Lord art thou as the dead gods now whose arm is shortened whose rede is readD
Yet we thought it was not for nought thy word was given us to guard and guideD
Yet we deemed that they had not dreamed who put their trust in thee Hast thou liedD
God our Lord was the sacred sword we drew not drawn on thy Church's sideD
England hates thee as hell's own gates and England triumphs and Rome bows downX
England mocks at thee England's rocks cast off thy servants to drive and drownX
England loathes thee and fame betroths and plights with England her faith for crownX
Spain clings fast to thee Spain aghast with anguish cries to thee where art thouI2
Spain puts trust in thee lo the dust that soils and darkens her prostrate browI2
Spain is true to thy service who shall raise up Spain for thy service nowI2
Who shall praise thee if none may raise thy servants up nor affright thy foesN
Winter wanes and the woods and plains forget the likeness of storms and snowsN
So shall fear of thee fade even here and what shall follow thee no man knowsN
Lords of night who would breathe your blight on April's morning and August's noonJ2
God your Lord the condemned the abhorred sinks hellward smitten with deathlike swoonJ2
Death's own dart in his hateful heart now thrills and night shall receive him soonJ2
God the Devil thy reign of revel is here for ever eclipsed and fledD
God the Liar everlasting fire lays hold at last on thee hand and headD
God the Accurst the consuming thirst that burns thee never shall here be fedD
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IIA
England queen of the waves whose green inviolate girdle enrings thee roundD
Mother fair as the morning where is now the place of thy foemen foundD
Still the sea that salutes us free proclaims them stricken acclaims thee crownedD
Times may change and the skies grow strange with signs of treason and fraud and fearP
Foes in union of strange communion may rise against thee from far and nearP
Sloth and greed on thy strength may feed as cankers waxing from year to yearP
Yet though treason and fierce unreason should league and lie and defame and smiteD
We that know thee how far below thee the hatred burns of the sons of nightD
We that love thee behold above thee the witness written of life in lightD
Life that shines from thee shows forth signs that none may read not but eyeless foesN
Hate born blind in his abject mind grows hopeful now but as madness growsN
Love born wise with exultant eyes adores thy glory beholds and glowsN
Truth is in thee and none may win thee to lie forsaking the face of truthK2
Freedom lives by the grace she gives thee born again from thy deathless youthK2
Faith should fail and the world turn pale wert thou the prey of the serpent's toothK2
Greed and fraud unabashed unawed may strive to sting thee at heel in vainL
Craft and fear and mistrust may leer and mourn and murmur and plead and plainL
Thou art thou and thy sunbright brow is hers that blasted the strength of SpainL
Mother mother beloved none other could claim in place of thee England's placeN
Earth bears none that beholds the sun so pure of record so clothed with graceN
Dear our mother nor son nor brother is thine as strong or as fair of faceN
How shalt thou be abased or how shall fear take hold of thy heart of thineJ
England maiden immortal laden with charge of life and with hopes divineJ
Earth shall wither when eyes turned hither behold not light in her darkness shineJ
England none that is born thy son and lives by grace of thy glory freeN
Lives and yearns not at heart and burns with hope to serve as he worships theeN
None may sing thee the sea wind's wing beats down our songs as it hails the seaN

Algernon Charles Swinburne



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