Georgic 1 Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABCDEFGCHIJKGGLMNOGP GQJRSTUGGUUVUWXYGTZT UACGA2B2C2LYD2E2UGF2 UG2H2I2J2GUGK2GGL2UF 2M2GN2GGM2GO2GGM2M2U P2M2GGM2P2GGJM2GUGUM 2M2GM2M2Q2M2R2GM2M2G GS2PT2GF2UM2GM2M2GM2 M2GUB2NU2UGV2F2D2M2W 2UUGM2GGGGM2X2GM2Y2J 2GD2D2UR2GZ2A2M2GUGA 2UUA3WD2UGT2UM2B3D2D 2UD2M2M2J2GY2G| What makes the cornfield smile beneath what star | A |
| Maecenas it is meet to turn the sod | B |
| Or marry elm with vine how tend the steer | C |
| What pains for cattle keeping or what proof | D |
| Of patient trial serves for thrifty bees | E |
| Such are my themes | F |
| O universal lights | G |
| Most glorious ye that lead the gliding year | C |
| Along the sky Liber and Ceres mild | H |
| If by your bounty holpen earth once changed | I |
| Chaonian acorn for the plump wheat ear | J |
| And mingled with the grape your new found gift | K |
| The draughts of Achelous and ye Fauns | G |
| To rustics ever kind come foot it Fauns | G |
| And Dryad maids together your gifts I sing | L |
| And thou for whose delight the war horse first | M |
| Sprang from earth's womb at thy great trident's stroke | N |
| Neptune and haunter of the groves for whom | O |
| Three hundred snow white heifers browse the brakes | G |
| The fertile brakes of Ceos and clothed in power | P |
| Thy native forest and Lycean lawns | G |
| Pan shepherd god forsaking as the love | Q |
| Of thine own Maenalus constrains thee hear | J |
| And help O lord of Tegea And thou too | R |
| Minerva from whose hand the olive sprung | S |
| And boy discoverer of the curved plough | T |
| And bearing a young cypress root uptorn | U |
| Silvanus and Gods all and Goddesses | G |
| Who make the fields your care both ye who nurse | G |
| The tender unsown increase and from heaven | U |
| Shed on man's sowing the riches of your rain | U |
| And thou even thou of whom we know not yet | V |
| What mansion of the skies shall hold thee soon | U |
| Whether to watch o'er cities be thy will | W |
| Great Caesar and to take the earth in charge | X |
| That so the mighty world may welcome thee | Y |
| Lord of her increase master of her times | G |
| Binding thy mother's myrtle round thy brow | T |
| Or as the boundless ocean's God thou come | Z |
| Sole dread of seamen till far Thule bow | T |
| Before thee and Tethys win thee to her son | U |
| With all her waves for dower or as a star | A |
| Lend thy fresh beams our lagging months to cheer | C |
| Where 'twixt the Maid and those pursuing Claws | G |
| A space is opening see red Scorpio's self | A2 |
| His arms draws in yea and hath left thee more | B2 |
| Than thy full meed of heaven be what thou wilt | C2 |
| For neither Tartarus hopes to call thee king | L |
| Nor may so dire a lust of sovereignty | Y |
| E'er light upon thee howso Greece admire | D2 |
| Elysium's fields and Proserpine not heed | E2 |
| Her mother's voice entreating to return | U |
| Vouchsafe a prosperous voyage and smile on this | G |
| My bold endeavour and pitying even as I | F2 |
| These poor way wildered swains at once begin | U |
| Grow timely used unto the voice of prayer | G2 |
| In early spring tide when the icy drip | H2 |
| Melts from the mountains hoar and Zephyr's breath | I2 |
| Unbinds the crumbling clod even then 'tis time | J2 |
| Press deep your plough behind the groaning ox | G |
| And teach the furrow burnished share to shine | U |
| That land the craving farmer's prayer fulfils | G |
| Which twice the sunshine twice the frost has felt | K2 |
| Ay that's the land whose boundless harvest crops | G |
| Burst see the barns | G |
| But ere our metal cleave | L2 |
| An unknown surface heed we to forelearn | U |
| The winds and varying temper of the sky | F2 |
| The lineal tilth and habits of the spot | M2 |
| What every region yields and what denies | G |
| Here blithelier springs the corn and here the grape | N2 |
| There earth is green with tender growth of trees | G |
| And grass unbidden See how from Tmolus comes | G |
| The saffron's fragrance ivory from Ind | M2 |
| From Saba's weakling sons their frankincense | G |
| Iron from the naked Chalybs castor rank | O2 |
| From Pontus from Epirus the prize palms | G |
| O' the mares of Elis | G |
| Such the eternal bond | M2 |
| And such the laws by Nature's hand imposed | M2 |
| On clime and clime e'er since the primal dawn | U |
| When old Deucalion on the unpeopled earth | P2 |
| Cast stones whence men a flinty race were reared | M2 |
| Up then if fat the soil let sturdy bulls | G |
| Upturn it from the year's first opening months | G |
| And let the clods lie bare till baked to dust | M2 |
| By the ripe suns of summer but if the earth | P2 |
| Less fruitful just ere Arcturus rise | G |
| With shallower trench uptilt it 'twill suffice | G |
| There lest weeds choke the crop's luxuriance here | J |
| Lest the scant moisture fail the barren sand | M2 |
| Then thou shalt suffer in alternate years | G |
| The new reaped fields to rest and on the plain | U |
| A crust of sloth to harden or when stars | G |
| Are changed in heaven there sow the golden grain | U |
| Where erst luxuriant with its quivering pod | M2 |
| Pulse or the slender vetch crop thou hast cleared | M2 |
| And lupin sour whose brittle stalks arise | G |
| A hurtling forest For the plain is parched | M2 |
| By flax crop parched by oats by poppies parched | M2 |
| In Lethe slumber drenched Nathless by change | Q2 |
| The travailing earth is lightened but stint not | M2 |
| With refuse rich to soak the thirsty soil | R2 |
| And shower foul ashes o'er the exhausted fields | G |
| Thus by rotation like repose is gained | M2 |
| Nor earth meanwhile uneared and thankless left | M2 |
| Oft too 'twill boot to fire the naked fields | G |
| And the light stubble burn with crackling flames | G |
| Whether that earth therefrom some hidden strength | S2 |
| And fattening food derives or that the fire | P |
| Bakes every blemish out and sweats away | T2 |
| Each useless humour or that the heat unlocks | G |
| New passages and secret pores whereby | F2 |
| Their life juice to the tender blades may win | U |
| Or that it hardens more and helps to bind | M2 |
| The gaping veins lest penetrating showers | G |
| Or fierce sun's ravening might or searching blast | M2 |
| Of the keen north should sear them Well I wot | M2 |
| He serves the fields who with his harrow breaks | G |
| The sluggish clods and hurdles osier twined | M2 |
| Hales o'er them from the far Olympian height | M2 |
| Him golden Ceres not in vain regards | G |
| And he who having ploughed the fallow plain | U |
| And heaved its furrowy ridges turns once more | B2 |
| Cross wise his shattering share with stroke on stroke | N |
| The earth assails and makes the field his thrall | U2 |
| Pray for wet summers and for winters fine | U |
| Ye husbandmen in winter's dust the crops | G |
| Exceedingly rejoice the field hath joy | V2 |
| No tilth makes Mysia lift her head so high | F2 |
| Nor Gargarus his own harvests so admire | D2 |
| Why tell of him who having launched his seed | M2 |
| Sets on for close encounter and rakes smooth | W2 |
| The dry dust hillocks then on the tender corn | U |
| Lets in the flood whose waters follow fain | U |
| And when the parched field quivers and all the blades | G |
| Are dying from the brow of its hill bed | M2 |
| See see he lures the runnel down it falls | G |
| Waking hoarse murmurs o'er the polished stones | G |
| And with its bubblings slakes the thirsty fields | G |
| Or why of him who lest the heavy ears | G |
| O'erweigh the stalk while yet in tender blade | M2 |
| Feeds down the crop's luxuriance when its growth | X2 |
| First tops the furrows Why of him who drains | G |
| The marsh land's gathered ooze through soaking sand | M2 |
| Chiefly what time in treacherous moons a stream | Y2 |
| Goes out in spate and with its coat of slime | J2 |
| Holds all the country whence the hollow dykes | G |
| Sweat steaming vapour | D2 |
| But no whit the more | D2 |
| For all expedients tried and travail borne | U |
| By man and beast in turning oft the soil | R2 |
| Do greedy goose and Strymon haunting cranes | G |
| And succory's bitter fibres cease to harm | Z2 |
| Or shade not injure The great Sire himself | A2 |
| No easy road to husbandry assigned | M2 |
| And first was he by human skill to rouse | G |
| The slumbering glebe whetting the minds of men | U |
| With care on care nor suffering realm of his | G |
| In drowsy sloth to stagnate Before Jove | A2 |
| Fields knew no taming hand of husbandmen | U |
| To mark the plain or mete with boundary line | U |
| Even this was impious for the common stock | A3 |
| They gathered and the earth of her own will | W |
| All things more freely no man bidding bore | D2 |
| He to black serpents gave their venom bane | U |
| And bade the wolf go prowl and ocean toss | G |
| Shook from the leaves their honey put fire away | T2 |
| And curbed the random rivers running wine | U |
| That use by gradual dint of thought on thought | M2 |
| Might forge the various arts with furrow's help | B3 |
| The corn blade win and strike out hidden fire | D2 |
| From the flint's heart Then first the streams were ware | D2 |
| Of hollowed alder hulls the sailor then | U |
| Their names and numbers gave to star and star | D2 |
| Pleiads and Hyads and Lycaon's child | M2 |
| Bright Arctos how with nooses then was found | M2 |
| To catch wild beasts and cozen them with lime | J2 |
| And hem with hounds the mighty forest glades | G |
| Soon one with hand net scourges the broad stream | Y2 |
| Probing its depths one drags his | G |
Publius Vergilius Maro
(1)
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