Pharsalia - Book Ii: The Flight Of Pompeius Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABCD EFGHIJKLMNOPQRS TUVWXYZA2B2C2D2E2F2G 2E2 H2I2J2KK2L2M2UEN2G2G 2O2P2 Q2 R2KG2S2T2U2V2N2W2X2U Y2TZ2G2G2G2A3G2G2B3C 3D3XKE3K F3G2KRKW2XG2G2G3H3D3 G2XFI3G2G2G2G2G2TGJ3 G2 G2G2KG2K3L3G2U2G2M3G 2N3G3O3G2D3G2G2P3G2Q 3T2R3RZS3D3G2G2T3U3G 2G2G2R2V3A3E2W3T3U3X 3G2G2G2L2Y3Z3KG2G2A4 G2G2U3G2 G2B4G2C4G2G2G2H3A3D4 G3KE4F4G4PFG2Z3G2G2H 4I4This was made plain the anger of the gods | A |
The universe gave signs Nature reversed | B |
In monstrous tumult fraught with prodigies | C |
Her laws and prescient spake the coming guilt | D |
- | |
How seemed it just to thee Olympus' king | E |
That suffering mortals at thy doom should know | F |
By omens dire the massacre to come | G |
Or did the primal parent of the world | H |
When first the flames gave way and yielding left | I |
Matter unformed to his subduing hand | J |
And realms unbalanced fix by stern decree' | K |
Unalterable laws to bind the whole | L |
Himself too bound by law so that for aye | M |
All Nature moves within its fated bounds | N |
Or is Chance sovereign over all and we | O |
The sport of Fortune and her turning wheel | P |
Whate'er be truth keep thou the future veiled | Q |
From mortal vision and amid their fears | R |
May men still hope | S |
- | |
Thus known how great the woes | T |
The world should suffer from the truth divine | U |
A solemn fast was called the courts were closed | V |
All men in private garb no purple hem | W |
Adorned the togas of the chiefs of Rome | X |
No plaints were uttered and a voiceless grief | Y |
Lay deep in every bosom as when death | Z |
Knocks at some door but enters not as yet | A2 |
Before the mother calls the name aloud | B2 |
Or bids her grieving maidens beat the breast | C2 |
While still she marks the glazing eye and soothes | D2 |
The stiffening limbs and gazes on the face | E2 |
In nameless dread not sorrow and in awe | F2 |
Of death approaching and with mind distraught | G2 |
Clings to the dying in a last embrace | E2 |
- | |
The matrons laid aside their wonted garb | H2 |
Crowds filled the temples on the unpitying stones | I2 |
Some dashed their bosoms others bathed with tears | J2 |
The statues of the gods some tore their hair | K |
Upon the holy threshold and with shrieks | K2 |
And vows unceasing called upon the names | L2 |
Of those whom mortals supplicate Nor all | M2 |
Lay in the Thunderer's fane at every shrine | U |
Some prayers are offered which refused shall bring | E |
Reproach on heaven One whose livid arms | N2 |
Were dark with blows whose cheeks with tears bedewed | G2 |
And riven cried 'Beat mothers beat the breast | G2 |
Tear now the lock while doubtful in the scales | O2 |
Still fortune hangs nor yet the fight is won | P2 |
You still may grieve when either wins rejoice ' | - |
Thus sorrow stirs itself | Q2 |
- | |
Meanwhile the men | R2 |
Seeking the camp and setting forth to war | K |
Address the cruel gods in just complaint | G2 |
'Happy the youths who born in Punic days | S2 |
On Cannae's uplands or by Trebia's stream | T2 |
Fought and were slain What wretched lot is ours | U2 |
No peace we ask for let the nations rage | V2 |
Rouse fiercest cities may the world find arms | N2 |
To wage a war with Rome let Parthian hosts | W2 |
Rush forth from Susa Scythian Ister curb | X2 |
No more the Massagete unconquered Rhine | U |
Let loose from furthest North her fair haired tribes | Y2 |
Elbe pour thy Suevians forth Let us be foes | T |
Of all the peoples May the Getan press | Z2 |
Here and the Dacian there Pompeius meet | G2 |
The Eastern archers Caesar in the West | G2 |
Confront th' Iberian Leave to Rome no hand | G2 |
To raise against herself in civil strife | A3 |
Or if Italia by the gods be doomed | G2 |
Let all the sky fierce Parent be dissolved | G2 |
And falling on the earth in flaming bolts | B3 |
Their hands still bloodless strike both leaders down | C3 |
With both their hosts Why plunge in novel crime | D3 |
To settle which of them shall rule in Rome | X |
Scarce were it worth the price of civil war | K |
To hinder either ' Thus the patriot voice | E3 |
Still found an utterance soon to speak no more | K |
- | |
Meantime the aged fathers o'er their fates | F3 |
In anguish grieved detesting life prolonged | G2 |
That brought with it another civil war | K |
And thus spake one to justify his fears | R |
'No other deeds the fates laid up in store | K |
When Marius victor over Teuton hosts | W2 |
Afric's high conqueror cast out from Rome | X |
Lay hid in marshy ooze at thy behest | G2 |
O Fortune by the yielding soil concealed | G2 |
And waving rushes but ere long the chains | G3 |
Of prison wore his weak and aged frame | H3 |
And lengthened squalor thus he paid for crime | D3 |
His punishment beforehand doomed to die | G2 |
Consul in triumph over wasted Rome | X |
Death oft refused him and the very foe | F |
In act to murder shuddered in the stroke | I3 |
And dropped the weapon from his nerveless hand | G2 |
For through the prison gloom a flame of light | G2 |
He saw the deities of crime abhorred | G2 |
The Marius to come A voice proclaimed | G2 |
Mysterious Hold the fates permit thee not | G2 |
That neck to sever Many a death he owes | T |
To time's predestined laws ere his shall come | G |
Cease from thy madness If ye seek revenge | J3 |
For all the blood shed by your slaughtered tribes to | G2 |
Let this man Cimbrians live out all his days ' | - |
Not as their darling did the gods protect | G2 |
The man of blood but for his ruthless hand | G2 |
Fit to prepare that sacrifice of gore | K |
Which fate demanded By the sea's despite | G2 |
Borne to our foes Jugurtha's wasted realm | K3 |
He saw now conquered there in squalid huts | L3 |
Awhile he lay and trod the hostile dust | G2 |
Of Carthage and his ruin matched with hers | U2 |
Each from the other's fate some solace drew | G2 |
And prostrate pardoned heaven On Libyan soil | M3 |
Fresh fury gathering next when Fortune smiled | G2 |
The prisons he threw wide and freed the slaves | N3 |
Forth rushed the murderous bands their melted chains | G3 |
Forged into weapons for his ruffian needs | O3 |
No charge he gave to mere recruits in guilt | G2 |
Who brought not to the camp some proof of crime | D3 |
How dread that day when conquering Marius seized | G2 |
The city's ramparts with what fated speed | G2 |
Death strode upon his victims plebs alike | P3 |
And nobles perished far and near the sword | G2 |
Struck at his pleasure till the temple floors | Q3 |
Ran wet with slaughter and the crimson stream | T2 |
Befouled with slippery gore the holy walls | R3 |
No age found pity men of failing years | R |
Just tottering to the grave were hurled to death | Z |
From infants in their being's earliest dawn | S3 |
The growing life was severed For what crime | D3 |
Twas cause enough for death that they could die | G2 |
The fury grew soon 'twas a sluggard's part | G2 |
To seek the guilty hundreds died to swell | T3 |
The tale of victims Shamed by empty hands | U3 |
The bloodstained conqueror snatched a reeking head | G2 |
From neck unknown One way of life remained | G2 |
To kiss with shuddering lips the red right hand | G2 |
Degenerate people Had ye hearts of men | R2 |
Though ye were threatened by a thousand swords | V3 |
Far rather death than centuries of life | A3 |
Bought at such price much more that breathing space | E2 |
Till Sulla comes again But time would fail | W3 |
In weeping for the deaths of all who fell | T3 |
Encircled by innumerable bands | U3 |
Fell Baebius his limbs asunder torn | X3 |
His vitals dragged abroad Antonius too | G2 |
Prophet of ill whose hoary head was placed | G2 |
Dripping with blood upon the festal board | G2 |
There headless fell the Crassi mangled frames | L2 |
'Neath Fimbria's falchion and the prison cells | Y3 |
Were wet with tribunes' blood Hard by the fane | Z3 |
Where dwells the goddess and the sacred fire | K |
Fell aged Scaevola though that gory hand | G2 |
Had spared him but the feeble tide of blood | G2 |
Still left the flame alive upon the hearth | A4 |
That selfsame year the seventh time restored | G2 |
The Consul's rods that year to Marius brought | G2 |
The end of life when he at Fortune's hands | U3 |
All ills had suffered all her goods enjoyed | G2 |
- | |
'And what of those who at the Sacriport | G2 |
And Colline gate were slain then when the rule | B4 |
Of Earth and all her nations almost left | G2 |
This city for another and the chiefs | C4 |
Who led the Samnite hoped that Rome might bleed | G2 |
More than at Caudium's Forks she bled of old | G2 |
Then came great Sulla to avenge the dead | G2 |
And all the blood still left within her frame | H3 |
Drew from the city for the surgeon knife | A3 |
Which shore the cancerous limbs cut in too deep | D4 |
And shed the life stream from still healthy veins | G3 |
True that the guilty fell but not before | K |
All else had perished Hatred had free course | E4 |
And anger reigned unbridled by the law | F4 |
The victor's voice spake once but each man struck | G4 |
Just as he wished or willed The fatal steel | P |
Urged by the servant laid the master low | F |
Sons dripped with gore of sires and brothers fought | G2 |
For the foul trophy of a father slain | Z3 |
Or slew each other for the price of blood | G2 |
Men sought the tombs and mingling with the dead | G2 |
Hoped for escape the wild beasts' dens were full | H4 |
One strangled died another from the heigh | I4 |
Marcus Annaeus Lucanus
(1)
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