Book Iv - Part 02 - Existence And Character Of The Images Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABCDEFGDFHDIFFJFKFLM NDOPQM FRFSTUFNNVFWXFFFNFYR FFDZFA2B2C2YFHD2FE2F NYFOF2YG2FFDFFF2H2D2 DI2FJ2DK2FUL2EM2N2O2 HFJFFP2FDQ2D2DR2Q2S2 DT2NFU2YFV2IDDFW2FX2 Y2ZFY2DZ2 FFA3B3FGCFFY2DFF2C3D D3FFDDFNE3M MMFY2A2Q2FGF3NY2FNOF FFXG3DH3I3J3FHFDJ3FF 2K3L3NBut since I've taught already of what sort | A |
The seeds of all things are and how distinct | B |
In divers forms they flit of own accord | C |
Stirred with a motion everlasting on | D |
And in what mode things be from them create | E |
And since I've taught what the mind's nature is | F |
And of what things 'tis with the body knit | G |
And thrives in strength and by what mode uptorn | D |
That mind returns to its primordials | F |
Now will I undertake an argument | H |
One for these matters of supreme concern | D |
That there exist those somewhats which we call | I |
The images of things these like to films | F |
Scaled off the utmost outside of the things | F |
Flit hither and thither through the atmosphere | J |
And the same terrify our intellects | F |
Coming upon us waking or in sleep | K |
When oft we peer at wonderful strange shapes | F |
And images of people lorn of light | L |
Which oft have horribly roused us when we lay | M |
In slumber that haply nevermore may we | N |
Suppose that souls get loose from Acheron | D |
Or shades go floating in among the living | O |
Or aught of us is left behind at death | P |
When body and mind destroyed together each | Q |
Back to its own primordials goes away | M |
- | |
And thus I say that effigies of things | F |
And tenuous shapes from off the things are sent | R |
From off the utmost outside of the things | F |
Which are like films or may be named a rind | S |
Because the image bears like look and form | T |
With whatso body has shed it fluttering forth | U |
A fact thou mayst however dull thy wits | F |
Well learn from this mainly because we see | N |
Even 'mongst visible objects many be | N |
That send forth bodies loosely some diffused | V |
Like smoke from oaken logs and heat from fires | F |
And some more interwoven and condensed | W |
As when the locusts in the summertime | X |
Put off their glossy tunics or when calves | F |
At birth drop membranes from their body's surface | F |
Or when again the slippery serpent doffs | F |
Its vestments 'mongst the thorns for oft we see | N |
The breres augmented with their flying spoils | F |
Since such takes place 'tis likewise certain too | Y |
That tenuous images from things are sent | R |
From off the utmost outside of the things | F |
For why those kinds should drop and part from things | F |
Rather than others tenuous and thin | D |
No power has man to open mouth to tell | Z |
Especially since on outsides of things | F |
Are bodies many and minute which could | A2 |
In the same order which they had before | B2 |
And with the figure of their form preserved | C2 |
Be thrown abroad and much more swiftly too | Y |
Being less subject to impediments | F |
As few in number and placed along the front | H |
For truly many things we see discharge | D2 |
Their stuff at large not only from their cores | F |
Deep set within as we have said above | E2 |
But from their surfaces at times no less | F |
Their very colours too And commonly | N |
The awnings saffron red and dusky blue | Y |
Stretched overhead in mighty theatres | F |
Upon their poles and cross beams fluttering | O |
Have such an action quite for there they dye | F2 |
And make to undulate with their every hue | Y |
The circled throng below and all the stage | G2 |
And rich attire in the patrician seats | F |
And ever the more the theatre's dark walls | F |
Around them shut the more all things within | D |
Laugh in the bright suffusion of strange glints | F |
The daylight being withdrawn And therefore since | F |
The canvas hangings thus discharge their dye | F2 |
From off their surface things in general must | H2 |
Likewise their tenuous effigies discharge | D2 |
Because in either case they are off thrown | D |
From off the surface So there are indeed | I2 |
Such certain prints and vestiges of forms | F |
Which flit around of subtlest texture made | J2 |
Invisible when separate each and one | D |
Again all odour smoke and heat and such | K2 |
Streams out of things diffusedly because | F |
Whilst coming from the deeps of body forth | U |
And rising out along their bending path | L2 |
They're torn asunder nor have gateways straight | E |
Wherethrough to mass themselves and struggle abroad | M2 |
But contrariwise when such a tenuous film | N2 |
Of outside colour is thrown off there's naught | O2 |
Can rend it since 'tis placed along the front | H |
Ready to hand Lastly those images | F |
Which to our eyes in mirrors do appear | J |
In water or in any shining surface | F |
Must be since furnished with like look of things | F |
Fashioned from images of things sent out | P2 |
There are then tenuous effigies of forms | F |
Like unto them which no one can divine | D |
When taken singly which do yet give back | Q2 |
When by continued and recurrent discharge | D2 |
Expelled a picture from the mirrors' plane | D |
Nor otherwise it seems can they be kept | R2 |
So well conserved that thus be given back | Q2 |
Figures so like each object | S2 |
Now then learn | D |
How tenuous is the nature of an image | T2 |
And in the first place since primordials be | N |
So far beneath our senses and much less | F |
E'en than those objects which begin to grow | U2 |
Too small for eyes to note learn now in few | Y |
How nice are the beginnings of all things | F |
That this too I may yet confirm in proof | V2 |
First living creatures are sometimes so small | I |
That even their third part can nowise be seen | D |
Judge then the size of any inward organ | D |
What of their sphered heart their eyes their limbs | F |
The skeleton How tiny thus they are | W2 |
And what besides of those first particles | F |
Whence soul and mind must fashioned be Seest not | X2 |
How nice and how minute Besides whatever | Y2 |
Exhales from out its body a sharp smell | Z |
The nauseous absinth or the panacea | F |
Strong southernwood or bitter centaury | Y2 |
If never so lightly with thy fingers twain | D |
Perchance thou touch a one of them | Z2 |
- | |
Then why not rather know that images | F |
Flit hither and thither many in many modes | F |
Bodiless and invisible | A3 |
But lest | B3 |
Haply thou holdest that those images | F |
Which come from objects are the sole that flit | G |
Others indeed there be of own accord | C |
Begot self formed in earth's aery skies | F |
Which moulded to innumerable shapes | F |
Are borne aloft and fluid as they are | Y2 |
Cease not to change appearance and to turn | D |
Into new outlines of all sorts of forms | F |
As we behold the clouds grow thick on high | F2 |
And smirch the serene vision of the world | C3 |
Stroking the air with motions For oft are seen | D |
The giants' faces flying far along | D3 |
And trailing a spread of shadow and at times | F |
The mighty mountains and mountain sundered rocks | F |
Going before and crossing on the sun | D |
Whereafter a monstrous beast dragging amain | D |
And leading in the other thunderheads | F |
Now hear how easy and how swift they be | N |
Engendered and perpetually flow off | E3 |
From things and gliding pass away | M |
- | |
For ever every outside streams away | M |
From off all objects since discharge they may | M |
And when this outside reaches other things | F |
As chiefly glass it passes through but where | Y2 |
It reaches the rough rocks or stuff of wood | A2 |
There 'tis so rent that it cannot give back | Q2 |
An image But when gleaming objects dense | F |
As chiefly mirrors have been set before it | G |
Nothing of this sort happens For it can't | F3 |
Go as through glass nor yet be rent its safety | N |
By virtue of that smoothness being sure | Y2 |
'Tis therefore that from them the images | F |
Stream back to us and howso suddenly | N |
Thou place at any instant anything | O |
Before a mirror there an image shows | F |
Proving that ever from a body's surface | F |
Flow off thin textures and thin shapes of things | F |
Thus many images in little time | X |
Are gendered so their origin is named | G3 |
Rightly a speedy And even as the sun | D |
Must send below in little time to earth | H3 |
So many beams to keep all things so full | I3 |
Of light incessant thus on grounds the same | J3 |
From things there must be borne in many modes | F |
To every quarter round upon the moment | H |
The many images of things because | F |
Unto whatever face of things we turn | D |
The mirror things of form and hue the same | J3 |
Respond Besides though but a moment since | F |
Serenest was the weather of the sky | F2 |
So fiercely sudden is it foully thick | K3 |
That ye might think that round about all murk | L3 |
Had parted forth from Ac | N |
Lucretius
(1)
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