Book Iii - Part 03 - The Soul Is Mortal Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis
Rhyme Scheme: ABCDEFGHII JIKLMNOIIPIQLRSITQUN VWXY ZA2IKWB2IYYB2QC2YXPY Y D2E2F2G2H2I2J2YK2L2Y M2N2O2P2DQ2H2R2S2VT2 U2YV2W2X2YYY2YZ2YA3Y YT2YH2 GYJ2YB3C3AZGD3E3NF3U YF3GS2A2YXDG3YYYH3D2 I3YD3YK2YQJ3N2D3K3YY L3YD3 YM3DYYYYN3YYO3 B2P3K2Q3R3R2YYS3YB2Y YT3D3YXYYBK2E3K2B2YY YU3DY D3QYB2Now come that thou mayst able be to know | A |
That minds and the light souls of all that live | B |
Have mortal birth and death I will go on | C |
Verses to build meet for thy rule of life | D |
Sought after long discovered with sweet toil | E |
But under one name I'd have thee yoke them both | F |
And when for instance I shall speak of soul | G |
Teaching the same to be but mortal think | H |
Thereby I'm speaking also of the mind | I |
Since both are one a substance interjoined | I |
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First then since I have taught how soul exists | J |
A subtle fabric of particles minute | I |
Made up from atoms smaller much than those | K |
Of water's liquid damp or fog or smoke | L |
So in mobility it far excels | M |
More prone to move though strook by lighter cause | N |
Even moved by images of smoke or fog | O |
As where we view when in our sleeps we're lulled | I |
The altars exhaling steam and smoke aloft | I |
For beyond doubt these apparitions come | P |
To us from outward Now then since thou seest | I |
Their liquids depart their waters flow away | Q |
When jars are shivered and since fog and smoke | L |
Depart into the winds away believe | R |
The soul no less is shed abroad and dies | S |
More quickly far more quickly is dissolved | I |
Back to its primal bodies when withdrawn | T |
From out man's members it has gone away | Q |
For sure if body container of the same | U |
Like as a jar when shivered from some cause | N |
And rarefied by loss of blood from veins | V |
Cannot for longer hold the soul how then | W |
Thinkst thou it can be held by any air | X |
A stuff much rarer than our bodies be | Y |
- | |
Besides we feel that mind to being comes | Z |
Along with body with body grows and ages | A2 |
For just as children totter round about | I |
With frames infirm and tender so there follows | K |
A weakling wisdom in their minds and then | W |
Where years have ripened into robust powers | B2 |
Counsel is also greater more increased | I |
The power of mind thereafter where already | Y |
The body's shattered by master powers of eld | Y |
And fallen the frame with its enfeebled powers | B2 |
Thought hobbles tongue wanders and the mind gives way | Q |
All fails all's lacking at the selfsame time | C2 |
Therefore it suits that even the soul's dissolved | Y |
Like smoke into the lofty winds of air | X |
Since we behold the same to being come | P |
Along with body and grow and as I've taught | Y |
Crumble and crack therewith outworn by eld | Y |
- | |
Then too we see that just as body takes | D2 |
Monstrous diseases and the dreadful pain | E2 |
So mind its bitter cares the grief the fear | F2 |
Wherefore it tallies that the mind no less | G2 |
Partaker is of death for pain and disease | H2 |
Are both artificers of death as well | I2 |
We've learned by the passing of many a man ere now | J2 |
Nay too in diseases of body often the mind | Y |
Wanders afield for 'tis beside itself | K2 |
And crazed it speaks or many a time it sinks | L2 |
With eyelids closing and a drooping nod | Y |
In heavy drowse on to eternal sleep | M2 |
From whence nor hears it any voices more | N2 |
Nor able is to know the faces here | O2 |
Of those about him standing with wet cheeks | P2 |
Who vainly call him back to light and life | D |
Wherefore mind too confess we must dissolves | Q2 |
Seeing indeed contagions of disease | H2 |
Enter into the same Again O why | R2 |
When the strong wine has entered into man | S2 |
And its diffused fire gone round the veins | V |
Why follows then a heaviness of limbs | T2 |
A tangle of the legs as round he reels | U2 |
A stuttering tongue an intellect besoaked | Y |
Eyes all aswim and hiccups shouts and brawls | V2 |
And whatso else is of that ilk Why this | W2 |
If not that violent and impetuous wine | X2 |
Is wont to confound the soul within the body | Y |
But whatso can confounded be and balked | Y |
Gives proof that if a hardier cause got in | Y2 |
'Twould hap that it would perish then bereaved | Y |
Of any life thereafter And moreover | Z2 |
Often will some one in a sudden fit | Y |
As if by stroke of lightning tumble down | A3 |
Before our eyes and sputter foam and grunt | Y |
Blither and twist about with sinews taut | Y |
Gasp up in starts and weary out his limbs | T2 |
With tossing round No marvel since distract | Y |
Through frame by violence of disease | H2 |
- | |
Confounds he foams as if to vomit soul | G |
As on the salt sea boil the billows round | Y |
Under the master might of winds And now | J2 |
A groan's forced out because his limbs are griped | Y |
But in the main because the seeds of voice | B3 |
Are driven forth and carried in a mass | C3 |
Outwards by mouth where they are wont to go | A |
And have a builded highway He becomes | Z |
Mere fool since energy of mind and soul | G |
Confounded is and as I've shown to riven | D3 |
Asunder thrown and torn to pieces all | E3 |
By the same venom But again where cause | N |
Of that disease has faced about and back | F3 |
Retreats sharp poison of corrupted frame | U |
Into its shadowy lairs the man at first | Y |
Arises reeling and gradually comes back | F3 |
To all his senses and recovers soul | G |
Thus since within the body itself of man | S2 |
The mind and soul are by such great diseases | A2 |
Shaken so miserably in labour distraught | Y |
Why then believe that in the open air | X |
Without a body they can pass their life | D |
Immortal battling with the master winds | G3 |
And since we mark the mind itself is cured | Y |
Like the sick body and restored can be | Y |
By medicine this is forewarning to | Y |
That mortal lives the mind For proper it is | H3 |
That whosoe'er begins and undertakes | D2 |
To alter the mind or meditates to change | I3 |
Any another nature soever should add | Y |
New parts or readjust the order given | D3 |
Or from the sum remove at least a bit | Y |
But what's immortal willeth for itself | K2 |
Its parts be nor increased nor rearranged | Y |
Nor any bit soever flow away | Q |
For change of anything from out its bounds | J3 |
Means instant death of that which was before | N2 |
Ergo the mind whether in sickness fallen | D3 |
Or by the medicine restored gives signs | K3 |
As I have taught of its mortality | Y |
So surely will a fact of truth make head | Y |
'Gainst errors' theories all and so shut off | L3 |
All refuge from the adversary and rout | Y |
Error by two edged confutation | D3 |
- | |
And since the mind is of a man one part | Y |
Which in one fixed place remains like ears | M3 |
And eyes and every sense which pilots life | D |
And just as hand or eye or nose apart | Y |
Severed from us can neither feel nor be | Y |
But in the least of time is left to rot | Y |
Thus mind alone can never be without | Y |
The body and the man himself which seems | N3 |
As 'twere the vessel of the same or aught | Y |
Whate'er thou'lt feign as yet more closely joined | Y |
Since body cleaves to mind by surest bonds | O3 |
- | |
Again the body's and the mind's live powers | B2 |
Only in union prosper and enjoy | P3 |
For neither can nature of mind alone of itself | K2 |
Sans body give the vital motions forth | Q3 |
Nor then can body wanting soul endure | R3 |
And use the senses Verily as the eye | R2 |
Alone up rended from its roots apart | Y |
From all the body can peer about at naught | Y |
So soul and mind it seems are nothing able | S3 |
When by themselves No marvel because commixed | Y |
Through veins and inwards and through bones and thews | B2 |
Their elements primordial are confined | Y |
By all the body and own no power free | Y |
To bound around through interspaces big | T3 |
Thus shut within these confines they take on | D3 |
Motions of sense which after death thrown out | Y |
Beyond the body to the winds of air | X |
Take on they cannot and on this account | Y |
Because no more in such a way confined | Y |
For air will be a body be alive | B |
If in that air the soul can keep itself | K2 |
And in that air enclose those motions all | E3 |
Which in the thews and in the body itself | K2 |
A while ago 'twas making So for this | B2 |
Again again I say confess we must | Y |
That when the body's wrappings are unwound | Y |
And when the vital breath is forced without | Y |
The soul the senses of the mind dissolve | U3 |
Since for the twain the cause and ground of life | D |
Is in the fact of their conjoined estate | Y |
- | |
Once more since body's unable to sustain | D3 |
Division from the soul without decay | Q |
And obscene stench how canst thou doubt but that | Y |
The soul uprisen from the body's | B2 |
Lucretius
(1)
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