The Columbiad: Book Ix Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: A B CCDDEEBBBBFGBB HHBBCCIIJJKKLLMMNNOO PPBBQQBBRRSS SSBBDDBBBBBBTT BBPPUUBBVVWW BBXXYYSSDDBBPPBBMM WWNNSSSSII MMZZSSNNBBSSA2A2BBYY BBB2B2B2B2BBYY B2B2SSBBEE BBMMC2C2SSSSSS C2

The ArgumentA
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Vision suspended Night scene as contemplated from the mount of vision Columbus inquires the reason of the slow progress of science and its frequent interruptions Hesper answers that all things in the physical as well as the moral and intellectual world are progressive in like manner He traces their progress from the birth of the universe to the present state of the earth and its inhabitants asserts the future advancement of society till perpetual peace shall be established Columbus proposes his doubts alleges in support of them the successive rise and downfal of ancient nations and infers future and periodical convulsions Hesper in answer exhibits the great distinction between the ancient and modern state of the arts and of society Crusades Commerce Hanseatic League Copernicus Kepler Newton Galileo Herschel Descartes Bacon Printing Press Magnetic Needle Geographical discoveries Federal system in America A similar system to be extended over the whole earth Columbus desires a view of thisB
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But now had Hesper from the Hero's sightC
Veil'd the vast world with sudden shades of nightC
Earth sea and heaven where'er he turns his eyeD
Arch out immense like one surrounding skyD
Lamp'd with reverberant fires The starry trainE
Paint their fresh forms beneath the placid mainE
Fair Cynthia here her face reflected lavesB
Bright Venus gilds again her natal wavesB
The Bear redoubling foams with fiery jolesB
And two dire dragons twine two arctic polesB
Lights o'er the land from cities lost in shadeF
New constellations new galaxies spreadG
And each high pharos double flames providesB
One from its fires one fainter from the tidesB
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Centred sublime in this bivaulted sphereH
On all sides void unbounded calm and clearH
Soft o'er the Pair a lambent lustre playsB
Their seat still cheering with concentred raysB
To converse grave the soothing shades inviteC
And on his Guide Columbus fixt his sightC
Kind messenger of heaven he thus beganI
Why this progressive laboring search of manI
If men by slow degrees have power to reachJ
These opening truths that long dim ages teachJ
If school'd in woes and tortured on to thoughtK
Passion absorbing what experience taughtK
Still thro the devious painful paths they windL
And to sound wisdom lead at last the mindL
Why did not bounteous nature at their birthM
Give all their science to these sons of earthM
Pour on their reasoning powers pellucid dayN
Their arts their interests clear as light displayN
That error madness and sectarian strifeO
Might find no place to havock human lifeO
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To whom the guardian Power To thee is givenP
To hold high converse and inquire of heavenP
To mark untraversed ages and to traceB
Whate'er improves and what impedes thy raceB
Know then progressive are the paths we goQ
In worlds above thee as in thine belowQ
Nature herself whose grasp of time and placeB
Deals out duration and impalms all spaceB
Moves in progressive march but where to tendR
What course to compass how the march must endR
Her sons decide not yet her works we greetS
Imperfect in their parts but in their whole completeS
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When erst her hand the crust of Chaos thirl'dS
And forced from his black breast the bursting worldS
High swell'd the huge existence crude and crassB
A formless dark impermeated massB
No light nor heat nor cold nor moist nor dryD
But all concocting in their causes lieD
Millions of periods such as these her spheresB
Learn since to measure and to call their yearsB
She broods the mass then into motion bringsB
And seeks and sorts the principles of thingsB
Pours in the attractive and repulsive forceB
Whirls forth her globes in cosmogyral courseB
By myriads and by millions scaled sublimeT
To scoop their skies and curve the rounds of timeT
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She groups their systems lots to each his placeB
Strow'd thro immensity and drown'd in spaceB
All yet unseen till light at last begunP
And every system found a centred sunP
Call'd to his neighbor and exchanged from farU
His infant gleams with every social starU
Rays thwarting rays and skies o'erarching skiesB
Robed their dim planets with commingling dyesB
Hung o'er each heaven their living lamps sereneV
And tinged with blue the frore expanse betweenV
Then joyous Nature hail'd the golden mornW
Drank the young beam beheld her empire bornW
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Lo the majestic movement there they traceB
Their blank infinitudes of time and spaceB
Vault with careering curves her central goalX
Pour forth her day and stud her evening stoleX
Heedless of count their numbers still unknownY
Unmeasured still their progress round her throneY
For none of all her firstborn sons endow'dS
With heavenly sapience and pretensions proudS
No seraph bright whose keen considering eyeD
And sunbeam speed ascend from sky to skyD
Has yet explored or counted all their spheresB
Or fixt or found their past record of yearsB
Nor can a ray from her remotest sunP
Shot forth when first their splendid morn begunP
Borne straight continuous thro the void of spaceB
Doubling each thousand years its rapid paceB
And hither posting yet have reach'd this earthM
To bring the tidings of its master's birthM
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And mark thy native orb tho later bornW
Tho still unstored with light her silver hornW
As seen from sister planets who repayN
Far more than she their borrow'd streams of dayN
Yet what an age her shell rock ribs attestS
Her sparry spines her coal encumber'd breastS
Millions of generations toil'd and diedS
To crust with coral and to salt her tideS
And millions more ere yet her soil beganI
Ere yet she form'd or could have nursed her manI
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Then rose the proud phenomenon the birthM
Most richly wrought the favorite child of earthM
But frail at first his frame with nerves ill strungZ
Unform'd his footsteps long untoned his tongueZ
Unhappy unassociate unrefinedS
Unfledged the pinions of his lofty mindS
He wander'd wild to every beast a preyN
More prest with wrants and feebler far than theyN
For countless ages forced from place to placeB
Just reproduced but scarce preserved his raceB
At last a soil more fixt and streams more sweetS
Inform the wretched migrant where to seatS
Euphrates' flowery banks begin to smileA2
Fruits fringe the Ganges gardens grace the NileA2
Nile ribb'd with dikes a length of coast createsB
And giant Thebes begins her hundred gatesB
Mammoth of human works her grandeur knownY
These thousand lustres by its wrecks aloneY
Wrecks that humiliate still all modern statesB
Press the poized earth with their enormous weightsB
Refuse to quit their place dissolve their frameB2
And trust like Ilion to the bards their fameB2
Memphis amass'd her piles that still o'erclimbB2
The clouds of heaven and task the tooth of timeB2
Belus and Brama tame their vagrant throngsB
And Homer with his monumental songsB
Builds far more durable his splendid throneY
Than all the Pharaohs with their hills of stoneY
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High roll'd the round of years that hung sublimeB2
These wondrous beacons in the night of timeB2
Studs of renown that to thine eyes attestS
The waste of ages that beyond them restS
Ages how fill'd with toils how gloom'd with woesB
Trod with all steps that man's long march composeB
Dim drear disastrous ere his foot could gainE
A height so brilliant o'er the bestial trainE
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In those blank periods where no man can traceB
The gleams of thought that first illumed his raceB
His errors twined with science took their birthM
And forged their fetters for this child of earthM
And when as oft he dared expand his viewC2
And work with nature on the line she drewC2
Some monster gender'd in his fears unmann'dS
His opening soul and marr'd the works he plann'dS
Fear the first passion of his helpless stateS
Redoubles all the woes that round him waitS
Blocks nature's path and sends him wandering wideS
Without a guardian and without a guideS
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Beat by the storm refrC2

Joel Barlow



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