Moral Essays. Epistle Iv. - To Richard Boyle, Earl Of Burlington Poem Rhyme Scheme

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Alexander Pope

Moral Essays. Epistle Iv. - To Richard Boyle, Earl Of Burlington Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

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ARGUMENT	A
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OF THE USE OF RICHES	B
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The vanity of expense in people of wealth and quality The abuse of the word 'taste ' ver That the first principle and foundation in this as in every thing else is good sense ver The chief proof of it is to follow nature even in works of mere luxury and elegance Instanced in architecture and gardening where all must be adapted to the genius and use of the place and the beauties not forced into it but resulting from it ver How men are disappointed in their most expensive undertakings for want of this true foundation without which nothing can please long if at all and the best examples and rules will but be perverted into something burdensome or ridiculous ver to A description of the false taste of magnificence the first grand error of which is to imagine that greatness consists in the size and dimension instead of the proportion and harmony of the whole ver and the second either in joining together parts incoherent or too minutely resembling or in the repetition of the same too frequently ver c A word or two of false taste in books in music in painting even in preaching and prayer and lastly in entertainments ver c Yet Providence is justified in giving wealth to be squandered in this manner since it is dispersed to the poor and laborious part of mankind ver recurring to what is laid down in the 'Essay on Man ' ep ii and in the epistle preceding this ver c What are the proper objects of magnificence and a proper field for the expense of great men ver c and finally the great and public works which become a prince ver to the end	C
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'Tis strange the miser should his cares employ	D
To gain those riches he can ne'er enjoy	D
Is it less strange the prodigal should waste	E
His wealth to purchase what he ne'er can taste	E
Not for himself he sees or hears or eats	F
Artists must choose his pictures music meats	F
He buys for Topham drawings and designs	G
For Pembroke statues dirty gods and coins	H
Rare monkish manuscripts for Hearne alone	I
And books for Mead and butterflies for Sloane	I
Think we all these are for himself no more	J
Than his fine wife alas or finer whore	J
	-
For what has Virro painted built and planted	K
Only to show how many tastes he wanted	K
What brought Sir Visto's ill got wealth to waste	E
Some demon whisper'd 'Visto have a taste '	-
Heaven visits with a taste the wealthy fool	L
And needs no rod but Ripley with a rule	L
See sportive fate to punish awkward pride	M
Bids Bubo build and sends him such a guide	M
A standing sermon at each year's expense	N
That never coxcomb reach'd magnificence	N
	-
You show us Rome was glorious not profuse	N
And pompous buildings once were things of use	N
Yet shall my lord your just your noble rules	N
Fill half the land with imitating fools	N
Who random drawings from your sheets shall take	O
And of one beauty many blunders make	O
Load some vain church with old theatric state	P
Turn arcs of triumph to a garden gate	P
Reverse your ornaments and hang them all	Q
On some patch'd dog hole eked with ends of wall	Q
Then clap four slices of pilaster on't	R
That laced with bits of rustic makes a front	A
Shall call the winds through long arcades to roar	J
Proud to catch cold at a Venetian door	J
Conscious they act a true Palladian part	S
And if they starve they starve by rules of art	S
	-
Oft have you hinted to your brother peer	T
A certain truth which many buy too dear	T
Something there is more needful than expense	N
And something previous even to taste 'tis sense	N
Good sense which only is the gift of Heaven	U
And though no science fairly worth the seven	U
A light which in yourself you must perceive	V
Jones and Le N 'tre have it not to give	W
	-
To build to plant whatever you intend	C
To rear the column or the arch to bend	C
To swell the terrace or to sink the grot	C
In all let Nature never be forgot	C
But treat the goddess like a modest fair	X
Nor overdress nor leave her wholly bare	X
Let not each beauty everywhere be spied	C
Where half the skill is decently to hide	C
He gains all points who pleasingly confounds	N
Surprises varies and conceals the bounds	N
	-
Consult the genius of the place in all	Q
That tells the waters or to rise or fall	Q
Or helps the ambitious hill the heavens to scale	Y
Or scoops in circling theatres the vale	Y
Calls in the country catches opening glades	N
Joins willing woods and varies shades from shades	N
Now breaks or now directs the intending lines	N
Paints as you plant and as you work designs	N
	-
Still follow sense of every art the soul	Z
Parts answering parts shall slide into a whole	Z
Spontaneous beauties all around advance	N
Start even from difficulty strike from chance	N
Nature shall join you time shall make it grow	A2
A work to wonder at perhaps a Stowe	A2
	-
Without it proud Versailles thy glory falls	N
And Nero's terraces desert their walls	N
The vast parterres a thousand hands shall make	O
Lo Cobham comes and floats them with a lake	O
Or cut wide views through mountains to the plain	B2
You'll wish your hill or shelter'd seat again	C2
Even in an ornament its place remark	D2
Nor in an hermitage set Dr Clarke	D2
Behold Villario's ten years' toil complete	C
His quincunx darkens his espaliers meet	C
The wood supports the plain the parts unite	C
And strength of shade contends with strength of light	C
A waving glow the blooming beds display	E2
Blushing in bright diversities of day	E2
With silver quivering rills meander'd o'er	F2
Enjoy them you Villario can no more	J
Tired of the scene parterres and fountains yield	C
He finds at last he better likes a field	C
	-
Through his young woods how pleased Sabinus stray'd	C
Or sat delighted in the thickening shade	C
With annual joy the reddening shoots to greet	C
Or see the stretching branches long to meet	C
His son's fine taste an opener vista loves	N
Foe to the Dryads of his father's groves	N
One boundless green or flourish'd carpet views	N
With all the mournful family of yews	N
The thriving plants ignoble broomsticks made	C
Now sweep those alleys they were born to shade	C
	-
At Timon's villa let us pass a day	E2
Where all cry out 'What sums are thrown away '	-
So proud so grand of that stupendous air	X
Soft and agreeable come never there	X
Greatness with Timon dwells in such a draught	C
As brings all Brobdignag before your thought	C
To compass this his building is a town	G2
His pond an ocean his parterre a down	G2
Who but must laugh the master when he sees	N
A puny insect shivering at a breeze	N
Lo what huge heaps of littleness around	C
The whole a labour'd quarry above ground	C
Two Cupids squirt before a lake behind	C
Improves the keenness of the northern wind	C
His gardens next your admiration call	Q
On every side you look behold the wall	Q
No pleasing intricacies intervene	H2
No artful wildness to perplex the scene	H2
Grove nods at grove each alley has a brother	F2
And half the platform just reflects the other	F2
The suffering eye inverted nature sees	N
Trees cut to statues statues thick as trees	N
With here a fountain never to be play'd	C
And there a summer house that knows no shade	C
Here Amphitrit sails through myrtle bowers	N
There gladiators fight or die in flowers	N
Unwater'd see the drooping sea horse mourn	I2
And swallows roost in Nilus' dusty urn	J2
	-
My lord advances with majestic mien	H2
Smit with the mighty pleasure to be seen	H2
But soft by regular approach not yet	C
First through the length of yon hot terrace sweat	C
And when up ten steep slopes you've dragg'd your thighs	N
Just at his study door he'll bless your eyes	N
	-
His study with what authors is it stored	C
In books not authors curious is my lord	C
To all their dated backs he turns you round	C
These Aldus printed those Du Sueil has bound	C
Lo some are vellum and the rest as good	C
For all his lordship knows but they are wood	C
For Locke or Milton 'tis in vain to look	K2
These shelves admit not any modern book	K2
	-
And now the chapel's silver bell you hear	L2
That summons you to all the pride of prayer	X
Light quirks of music broken and uneven	U
Make the soul dance upon a jig to heaven	U
On painted ceilings you devoutly stare	X
Where sprawl the saints of Verrio or Laguerre	X
On gilded clouds in fair expansion lie	M2
And bring all Paradise before your eye	M2
To rest the cushion and soft dean invite	C
Who never mentions hell to ears polite	C
	-
But hark the chiming clocks to dinner call	Q
A hundred footsteps scrape the marble hall	Q
The rich buffet well colour'd serpents grace	N
And gaping Tritons spew to wash your face	N
Is this a dinner this a genial room	N2
No 'tis a temple and a hecatomb	N2
A solemn sacrifice perform'd in state	C
You drink by measure and to minutes eat	C
So quick retires each flying course you'd swear	X
Sancho's dread doctor and his wand were there	X
Between each act the trembling salvers ring	O2
From soup to sweet vine and God bless the king	O2
In plenty starving tantalised in state	C
And complaisantly help'd to all I hate	C
Treated caress'd and tired I take my leave	V
Sick of his civil pride from morn to eve	V
I curse such lavish cost and little skill	P2
And swear no day was ever pass'd so ill	P2
	-
Yet hence the poor are clothed the hungry fed	C
Health to himself and to his infants bread	C
The labourer bears what his hard heart denies	N
His charitable vanity supplies	N
	-
Another age shall see the golden ear	X
Imbrown the slope and nod on the parterre	X
Deep harvests bury all his pride has plann'd	C
And laughing Ceres reassume the land	C
	-
Who then shall grace or who improve the soil	Q2
Who plants like Bathurst or who builds like Boyle	Q2
'Tis use alone that sanctifies expense	N
And splendour borrows all her rays from sense	N
	-
His father's acres who enjoys in peace	N
Or makes his neighbours glad if he increase	N
Whose cheerful tenants bless their yearly toil	Q2
Yet to their lord owe more than to the soil	Q2
Whose ample lawns are not ashamed to feed	C
The milky heifer and deserving steed	C
Whose rising forests not for pride or show	A2
But future buildings future navies grow	A2
Let his plantations stretch from down to down	G2
First shade a country and then raise a town	G2
	-
You too proceed make falling arts your care	X
Erect new wonders and the old repair	X
Jones and Palladio to themselves restore	X
And be whate'er Vitruvius was before	X
Till kings call forth the ideas of your mind	C
Proud to accomplish what such hands design'd	C
Bid harbours open public ways extend	C
Bid temples worthier of the god ascend	C
Bid the broad arch the dangerous flood contain	B2
The mole projected break the roaring main	B2
Back to his bonds their subject sea command	C
And roll obedient rivers through the land	C
These honours peace to happy Britain brings	N
These are imperial works and worthy kings	N
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VARIATION	U
	-
After VER in the MS	N
	-
Must bishops lawyers statesmen have the skill	P2
To build to plant judge paintings what you will	P2
Then why not Kent as well our treaties draw	X
Bridginan explain the gospel Gibs the law	X