Moral Essays. Epistle Iii.[20] - To Allen Lord Bathurst Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: A B C DDEEFF GGHHEEII JJKKLL MM NOPPQQ C C R RSSTTU VVWWXYZZA2A2 DA2B2B2HHC2C2Y GGD2D2D2D2E2E2D2D2F2 F2G2G2A2A2H2H2H2U H2 I2J2 Y XK2L2D2D2M2N2H2H2H2H 2D2D2O2O2D2D2D2D2 D2D2H2 P2P2Q2Q2 O2O2P2P2 A2A2 P2P2D2D2R2R2P2P2S2S2 D2D2YY T2T2D2D2P2P2 D2D2D2D2A2A2P2P2A2A2 P2 A2A2P2P2P2P2 T2T2H2 U2U2H2H2 P2P2P2 H2H2A2A2P2P2 H2H2YV2Q2Q2D2D2 W2W2D2D2D2D2YYP2P2H2 H2D2D2O2O2XYD2D2 D2D2D2D2P2P2A2A2P2P2 X2X2D2D2P2P2Y2Y2P2P2 P2P2 D2D2D2D2P2P2Z2Z2O2O2 A2A2P2P2D2D2P2P2 P2P2A2A2Q2XD2D2A2A2D 2D2 P2P2P2P2A3H2D2D2A2A2 P2P2P2P2D2D2D2D2D2D2 P2P2YYP2P2 P2P2H2D2 R2R2P2P2 A2A2 U2U2H2D2A2A2D2D2P2P2 A2A2D2D2 B3B3C3C3D2D2D3D3O2O2 E3E3YYP2P2 D2 A2 P2P2D2D2H2H2XF3D2D2D 2D2D2D2U2 D2D2D2H2 D2 P2P2U2U2G3W2P2P2H3V2 D2D2YV2 G2G2YY P2P2D2D2 O2O2D2D2D2D2P2 D2D2D2D2H2H2 D2D2D2D2A2A2O2O2D2D2 D2D2Q2Q2P2P2O2O2P2P2 P2P2P2P2A2A2P2P2 P2 P2 A2A2 A2 H2H2 P2 D2D2D2D2A2A2 P2 D2D2D2D2 P2 YY P2 V2YA2A2 P2 P2P2

ARGUMENT	A
	-
OF THE USE OF RICHES	B
	-
That it is known to few most falling into one of the extremes avarice or profusion ver c The point discussed whether the invention of money has been more commodious or pernicious to mankind ver to That riches either to the avaricious or the prodigal cannot afford happiness scarcely necessaries ver to That avarice is an absolute frenzy without an end or purpose ver to Conjectures about the motives of avaricious men ver to That the conduct of men with respect to riches can only be accounted for by the order of Providence which works the general good out of extremes and brings all to its great end by perpetual revolutions ver to How a miser acts upon principles which appear to him reasonable ver How a prodigal does the same ver l The due medium and true use of riches ver The Man of Ross ver The fate of the profuse and the covetous in two examples both miserable in life and in death ver c The story of Sir Balaam ver to the end	C
	-
P Who shall decide when doctors disagree	D
And soundest casuists doubt like you and me	D
You hold the word from Jove to Momus given	E
That man was made the standing jest of Heaven	E
And gold but sent to keep the fools in play	F
For some to heap and some to throw away	F
	-
But I who think more highly of our kind	G
And surely Heaven and I are of a mind	G
Opine that Nature as in duty bound	H
Deep hid the shining mischief under ground	H
But when by man's audacious labour won	E
Flamed forth this rival to its sire the Sun	E
Then careful Heaven supplied two sorts of men	I
To squander these and those to hide again	I
	-
Like doctors thus when much dispute has pass'd	J
We find our tenets just the same at last	J
Both fairly owning riches in effect	K
No grace of Heaven or token of the elect	K
Given to the fool the mad the vain the evil	L
To Ward to Waters Chartres and the devil	L
	-
B What nature wants commodious gold bestows	M
'Tis thus we eat the bread another sows	M
	-
P But how unequal it bestows observe	N
Tis thus we riot while who sow it starve	O
What nature wants a phrase I much distrust	P
Extends to luxury extends to lust	P
Useful I grant it serves what life requires	Q
But dreadful too the dark assassin hires	Q
	-
B Trade it may help society extend	C
	-
P But lures the pirate and corrupts the friend	C
	-
B It raises armies in a nation's aid	R
	-
P But bribes a senate and the land's betray'd	R
In vain may heroes fight and patriots rave	S
If secret gold sap on from knave to knave	S
Once we confess beneath the patriot's cloak	T
From the crack'd bag the dropping guinea spoke	T
And jingling down the back stairs told the crew	U
'Old Cato is as great a rogue as you '	-
Blest paper credit last and best supply	V
That lends corruption lighter wings to fly	V
Gold imp'd by thee can compass hardest things	W
Can pocket states can fetch or carry kings	W
A single leaf shall waft an army o'er	X
Or ship off senates to a distant shore	Y
A leaf like Sibyl's scatter to and fro	Z
Our fates and fortunes as the winds shall blow	Z
Pregnant with thousands flits the scrap unseen	A2
And silent sells a king or buys a queen	A2
	-
Oh that such bulky bribes as all might see	D
Still as of old encumber'd villainy	A2
Could France or Rome divert our brave designs	B2
With all their brandies or with all their wines	B2
What could they more than knights and squires confound	H
Or water all the quorum ten miles round	H
A statesman's slumbers how this speech would spoil	C2
'Sir Spain has sent a thousand jars of oil	C2
Huge bales of British cloth blockade the door	Y
A hundred oxen at your leve roar '	-
	-
Poor avarice one torment more would find	G
Nor could profusion squander all in kind	G
Astride his cheese Sir Morgan might we meet	D2
And Worldly crying coals from street to street	D2
Whom with a wig so wild and mien so mazed	D2
Pity mistakes for some poor tradesman crazed	D2
Had Colepepper's whole wealth been hops and hogs	E2
Could he himself have sent it to the dogs	E2
His Grace will game to White's a bull be led	D2
With spurning heels and with a butting head	D2
To White's be carried as to ancient games	F2
Fair coursers vases and alluring dames	F2
Shall then Uxorio if the stakes he sweep	G2
Bear home six whores and make his lady weep	G2
Or soft Adonis so perfumed and fine	A2
Drive to St James's a whole herd of swine	A2
Oh filthy check on all industrious skill	H2
To spoil the nation's last great trade quadrille	H2
Since then my lord on such a world we fall	H2
What say you	U
	-
B Say Why take it gold and all	H2
	-
P What riches give us let us then inquire	I2
Meat fire and clothes	J2
	-
B What more	Y
	-
P Meat clothes and fire	X
Is this too little would you more than live	K2
Alas 'tis more than Turner finds they give	L2
Alas 'tis more than all his visions past	D2
Unhappy Wharton waking found at last	D2
What can they give to dying Hopkins heirs	M2
To Chartres vigour Japhet nose and ears	N2
Can they in gems bid pallid Hippia glow	H2
In Fulvia's buckle ease the throbs below	H2
Or heal old Narses thy obscener ail	H2
With all the embroidery plaster'd at thy tail	H2
They might were Harpax not too wise to spend	D2
Give Harpax' self the blessing of a friend	D2
Or find some doctor that would save the life	O2
Of wretched Shylock spite of Shylock's wife	O2
But thousands die without or this or that	D2
Die and endow a college or a cat	D2
To some indeed Heaven grants the happier fate	D2
T' enrich a bastard or a son they hate	D2
	-
Perhaps you think the poor might have their part	D2
Bond damns the poor and hates them from his heart	D2
The grave Sir Gilbert holds it for a rule	H2
That 'every man in want is knave or fool '	-
'God cannot love' says Blunt with tearless eyes	P2
'The wretch he starves' and piously denies	P2
But the good bishop with a meeker air	Q2
Admits and leaves them Providence's care	Q2
	-
Yet to be just to these poor men of pelf	O2
Each does but hate his neighbour as himself	O2
Damn'd to the mines an equal fate betides	P2
The slave that digs it and the slave that hides	P2
	-
B Who suffer thus mere charity should own	A2
Must act on motives powerful though unknown	A2
	-
P Some war some plague or famine they foresee	P2
Some revelation hid from you and me	P2
Why Shylock wants a meal the cause is found	D2
He thinks a loaf will rise to fifty pound	D2
What made directors cheat in South sea year	R2
To live on venison when it sold so dear	R2
Ask you why Phryne the whole auction buys	P2
Phryne foresees a general excise	P2
Why she and Sappho raise that monstrous sum	S2
Alas they fear a man will cost a plum	S2
	-
Wise Peter sees the world's respect for gold	D2
And therefore hopes this nation may be sold	D2
Glorious ambition Peter swell thy store	Y
And be what Rome's great Didius was before	Y
	-
The crown of Poland venal twice an age	T2
To just three millions stinted modest Gage	T2
But nobler scenes Maria's dreams unfold	D2
Hereditary realms and worlds of gold	D2
Congenial souls whose life one avarice joins	P2
And one fate buries in the Asturian mines	P2
	-
Much injured Blunt why bears he Britain's hate	D2
A wizard told him in these words our fate	D2
'At length corruption like a general flood	D2
So long by watchful ministers withstood	D2
Shall deluge all and avarice creeping on	A2
Spread like a low born mist and blot the sun	A2
Statesman and patriot ply alike the stocks	P2
Peeress and butler share alike the box	P2
And judges job and bishops bite the town	A2
And mighty dukes pack cards for half a crown	A2
See Britain sunk in lucre's sordid charms	P2
And France revenged of Anne's and Edward's arms '	-
'Twas no court badge great scrivener fired thy brain	A2
Nor lordly luxury nor city gain	A2
No 'twas thy righteous end ashamed to see	P2
Senates degenerate patriots disagree	P2
And nobly wishing party rage to cease	P2
To buy both sides and give thy country peace	P2
	-
'All this is madness ' cries a sober sage	T2
But who my friend has reason in his rage	T2
'The ruling passion be it what it will	H2
The ruling passion conquers reason still '	-
Less mad the wildest whimsy we can frame	U2
Than even that passion if it has no aim	U2
For though such motives folly you may call	H2
The folly's greater to have none at all	H2
	-
Hear then the truth ''Tis Heaven each passion sends	P2
And different men directs to different ends	P2
Extremes in Nature equal good produce	P2
Extremes in man concur to general use '	-
Ask we what makes one keep and one bestow	H2
That Power who bids the ocean ebb and flow	H2
Bids seed time harvest equal course maintain	A2
Through reconciled extremes of drought and rain	A2
Builds life on death on change duration founds	P2
And gives the eternal wheels to know their rounds	P2
	-
Riches like insects when conceal'd they lie	H2
Wait but for wings and in their season fly	H2
Who sees pale Mammon pine amidst his store	Y
Sees but a backward steward for the poor	V2
This year a reservoir to keep and spare	Q2
The next a fountain spouting through his heir	Q2
In lavish streams to quench a country's thirst	D2
And men and dogs shall drink him till they burst	D2
	-
Old Cotta shamed his fortune and his birth	W2
Yet was not Cotta void of wit or worth	W2
What though the use of barbarous spits forgot	D2
His kitchen vied in coolness with his grot	D2
His court with nettles moats with cresses stored	D2
With soups unbought and salads bless'd his board	D2
If Cotta lived on pulse it was no more	Y
Than Brahmins saints and sages did before	Y
To cram the rich was prodigal expense	P2
And who would take the poor from Providence	P2
Like some lone Chartreux stands the good old Hall	H2
Silence without and fasts within the wall	H2
No rafter'd roofs with dance and tabor sound	D2
No noontide bell invites the country round	D2
Tenants with sighs the smokeless towers survey	O2
And turn the unwilling steeds another way	O2
Benighted wanderers the forest o'er	X
Curse the saved candle and unopening door	Y
While the gaunt mastiff growling at the gate	D2
Affrights the beggar whom he longs to eat	D2
	-
Not so his son he mark'd this oversight	D2
And then mistook reverse of wrong for right	D2
For what to shun will no great knowledge need	D2
But what to follow is a task indeed	D2
Yet sure of qualities deserving praise	P2
More go to ruin fortunes than to raise	P2
What slaughter'd hecatombs what floods of wine	A2
Fill the capacious squire and deep divine	A2
Yet no mean motive this profusion draws	P2
His oxen perish in his country's cause	P2
'Tis George and Liberty that crowns the cup	X2
And zeal for that great house which eats him up	X2
The woods recede around the naked seat	D2
The silvans groan no matter for the fleet	D2
Next goes his wool to clothe our valiant bands	P2
Last for his country's love he sells his lands	P2
To town he comes completes the nation's hope	Y2
And heads the bold train bands and burns a pope	Y2
And shall not Britain now reward his toils	P2
Britain that pays her patriots with her spoils	P2
In vain at court the bankrupt pleads his cause	P2
His thankless country leaves him to her laws	P2
	-
The sense to value riches with the art	D2
To enjoy them and the virtue to impart	D2
Not meanly nor ambitiously pursued	D2
Not sunk by sloth nor raised by servitude	D2
To balance fortune by a just expense	P2
Join with economy magnificence	P2
With splendour charity with plenty health	Z2
Oh teach us Bathurst yet unspoil'd by wealth	Z2
That secret rare between the extremes to move	O2
Of mad good nature and of mean self love	O2
	-
B To worth or want well weigh'd be bounty given	A2
And ease or emulate the care of Heaven	A2
Whose measure full o'erflows on human race	P2
Mend Fortune's fault and justify her grace	P2
Wealth in the gross is death but life diffused	D2
As poison heals in just proportion used	D2
In heaps like ambergris a stink it lies	P2
But well dispersed is incense to the skies	P2
	-
P Who starves by nobles or with nobles eats	P2
The wretch that trusts them and the rogue that cheats	P2
Is there a lord who knows a cheerful noon	A2
Without a fiddler flatterer or buffoon	A2
Whose table wit or modest merit share	Q2
Unelbow'd by a gamester pimp or player	X
Who copies yours or Oxford's better part	D2
To ease the oppress'd and raise the sinking heart	D2
Where'er he shines O Fortune gild the scene	A2
And angels guard him in the golden mean	A2
There English bounty yet awhile may stand	D2
And honour linger ere it leaves the land	D2
	-
But all our praises why should lords engross	P2
Rise honest Muse and sing the Man of Ross	P2
Pleased Vaga echoes through her winding bounds	P2
And rapid Severn hoarse applause resounds	P2
Who hung with woods yon mountain's sultry brow	A3
From the dry rock who bade the waters flow	H2
Not to the skies in useless columns toss'd	D2
Or in proud falls magnificently lost	D2
But clear and artless pouring through the plain	A2
Health to the sick and solace to the swain	A2
Whose causeway parts the vale with shady rows	P2
Whose seats the weary traveller repose	P2
Who taught that heaven directed spire to rise	P2
'The Man of Ross ' each lisping babe replies	P2
Behold the market place with poor o'erspread	D2
The Man of Ross divides the weekly bread	D2
He feeds yon alms house neat but void of state	D2
Where Age and Want sit smiling at the gate	D2
Him portion'd maids apprenticed orphans bless'd	D2
The young who labour and the old who rest	D2
Is any sick the Man of Ross relieves	P2
Prescribes attends the medicine makes and gives	P2
Is there a variance enter but his door	Y
Balk'd are the courts and contest is no more	Y
Despairing quacks with curses fled the place	P2
And vile attorneys now a useless race	P2
	-
B Thrice happy man enabled to pursue	P2
What all so wish but want the power to do	P2
Oh say what sums that generous hand supply	H2
What mines to swell that boundless charity	D2
	-
P Of debts and taxes wife and children clear	R2
This man possess'd five hundred pounds a year	R2
Blush Grandeur blush proud courts withdraw your blaze	P2
Ye little stars hide your diminish'd rays	P2
	-
B And what no monument inscription stone	A2
His race his form his name almost unknown	A2
	-
P Who builds a church to God and not to fame	U2
Will never mark the marble with his name	U2
Go search it there where to be born and die	H2
Of rich and poor makes all the history	D2
Enough that virtue fill'd the space between	A2
Proved by the ends of being to have been	A2
When Hopkins dies a thousand lights attend	D2
The wretch who living saved a candle's end	D2
Shouldering God's altar a vile image stands	P2
Belies his features nay extends his hands	P2
That live long wig which Gorgon's self might own	A2
Eternal buckle takes in Parian stone	A2
Behold what blessings wealth to life can lend	D2
And see what comfort it affords our end	D2
	-
In the worst inn's worst room with mat half hung	B3
The floors of plaster and the walls of dung	B3
On once a flock bed but repair'd with straw	C3
With tape tied curtains never meant to draw	C3
The George and Garter dangling from that bed	D2
Where tawdry yellow strove with dirty red	D2
Great Villiers lies alas how changed from him	D3
That life of pleasure and that soul of whim	D3
Gallant and gay in Cliveden's proud alcove	O2
The bower of wanton Shrewsbury and love	O2
Or just as gay at council in a ring	E3
Of mimick'd statesmen and their merry king	E3
No wit to flatter left of all his store	Y
No fool to laugh at which he valued more	Y
There victor of his health of fortune friends	P2
And fame this lord of useless thousands ends	P2
	-
His Grace's fate sage Cutler could foresee	D2
And well he thought advised him 'Live like me '	-
As well his Grace replied 'Like you Sir John	A2
That I can do when all I have is gone '	-
Resolve me Reason which of these is worse	P2
Want with a full or with an empty purse	P2
Thy life more wretched Cutler was confess'd	D2
Arise and tell me was thy death more bless'd	D2
Cutler saw tenants break and houses fall	H2
For very want he could not build a wall	H2
His only daughter in a stranger's power	X
For very want he could not pay a dower	F3
A few gray hairs his reverend temples crown'd	D2
'Twas very want that sold them for two pound	D2
What even denied a cordial at his end	D2
Banish'd the doctor and expell'd the friend	D2
What but a want which you perhaps think mad	D2
Yet numbers feel the want of what he had	D2
Cutler and Brutus dying both exclaim	U2
'Virtue and Wealth what are ye but a name '	-
	-
Say for such worth are other worlds prepared	D2
Or are they both in this their own reward	D2
A knotty point to which we now proceed	D2
But you are tired I'll tell a tale	H2
	-
B Agreed	D2
	-
P Where London's column pointing at the skies	P2
Like a tall bully lifts the head and lies	P2
There dwelt a citizen of sober fame	U2
A plain good man and Balaam was his name	U2
Religious punctual frugal and so forth	G3
His word would pass for more than he was worth	W2
One solid dish his week day meal affords	P2
An added pudding solemnised the Lord's	P2
Constant at church and 'Change his gains were sure	H3
His givings rare save farthings to the poor	V2
	-
The devil was piqued such saintship to behold	D2
And long'd to tempt him like good Job of old	D2
But Satan now is wiser than of yore	Y
And tempts by making rich not making poor	V2
	-
Roused by the Prince of Air the whirlwinds sweep	G2
The surge and plunge his father in the deep	G2
Then lull against his Cornish lands they roar	Y
And two rich shipwrecks bless the lucky shore	Y
	-
Sir Balaam now he lives like other folks	P2
He takes his chirping pint and cracks his jokes	P2
'Live like yourself ' was soon my Lady's word	D2
And lo two puddings smoked upon the board	D2
	-
Asleep and naked as an Indian lay	O2
An honest factor stole a gem away	O2
He pledged it to the knight the knight had wit	D2
So kept the diamond and the rogue was bit	D2
Some scruple rose but thus he eased his thought	D2
'I'll now give sixpence where I gave a groat	D2
Where once I went to church I'll now go twice	P2
And am so clear too of all other vice '	-
	-
The Tempter saw his time the work he plied	D2
Stocks and subscriptions pour on every side	D2
Till all the demon makes his full descent	D2
In one abundant shower of cent per cent	D2
Sinks deep within him and possesses whole	H2
Then dubs director and secures his soul	H2
	-
Behold Sir Balaam now a man of spirit	D2
Ascribes his gettings to his parts and merit	D2
What late he call'd a blessing now was wit	D2
And God's good providence a lucky hit	D2
Things change their titles as our manners turn	A2
His counting house employ'd the Sunday morn	A2
Seldom at church 'twas such a busy life	O2
But duly sent his family and wife	O2
There so the devil ordain'd one Christmas tide	D2
My good old lady catch'd a cold and died	D2
	-
A nymph of quality admires our knight	D2
He marries bows at court and grows polite	D2
Leaves the dull cits and joins to please the fair	Q2
The well bred cuckolds in St James's air	Q2
First for his son a gay commission buys	P2
Who drinks whores fights and in a duel dies	P2
His daughter flaunts a viscount's tawdry wife	O2
She bears a coronet and pox for life	O2
In Britain's senate he a seat obtains	P2
And one more pensioner St Stephen gains	P2
My lady falls to play so bad her chance	P2
He must repair it takes a bribe from France	P2
The House impeach him Coningsby harangues	P2
The court forsake him and Sir Balaam hangs	P2
Wife son and daughter Satan are thy own	A2
His wealth yet dearer forfeit to the crown	A2
The devil and the king divide the prize	P2
And sad Sir Balaam curses God and dies	P2
	-
	-
VARIATIONS	P2
	-
After VER in the MS	P2
	-
To break a trust were Peter bribed with wine	A2
Peter 'twould pose as wise a head as thine	A2
	-
VER in the former edition	A2
	-
Well then since with the world we stand or fall	H2
Come take it as we find it gold and all	H2
	-
After VER in the MS	P2
	-
Where one lean herring furnish'd Cotta's board	D2
And nettles grew fit porridge for their lord	D2
Where mad good nature bounty misapplied	D2
In lavish Curio blazed awhile and died	D2
There Providence once more shall shift the scene	A2
And showing H y teach the golden mean	A2
	-
After VER in the MS	P2
	-
That secret rare with affluence hardly join'd	D2
Which W n lost yet B y ne'er could find	D2
Still miss'd by vice and scarce by virtue hit	D2
By G 's goodness or by S 's wit	D2
	-
After VER in the MS	P2
	-
Trace humble worth beyond Sabrina's shore	Y
Who sings not him oh may he sing no more	Y
	-
VER thus in the MS	P2
	-
The register enrolls him with his poor	V2
Tells he was born and died and tells no more	Y
Just as he ought he fill'd the space between	A2
Then stole to rest unheeded and unseen	A2
	-
VER in the former editions	P2
	-
That knotty point my lord shall I discuss	P2
Or tell a tale A tale It follows thus	P2

Alexander Pope

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