Expostulation Poem Rhyme Scheme and Analysis

Rhyme Scheme: ABCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKK LLMMNOPPQQABGGRSTTUV WWXXYYZZA2A2PPB2B2C2 C2D2E2F2F2G2G2B2B2NN H2H2I2I2J2J2NNK2L2CC M2M2NNN2N2D2D2GGO2O2 P2P2ZZQ2Q2R2R2S2S2T2 T2U2U2V2V2W2W2YYGGI2 I2X2Y2Z2Z2A3A3B3C3XD D3D3E3E3F3F3G3G3BBH3 H3GGUUI3I3J3J3J3J3K3 K3IIB3B3J3J3SSB2B2J3 J3L3L3J3J3M3N3J3J3O3 O3J3J3T2T2J3J3J3J3J3 J3J3J3P3P3J3J3J3

Why weeps the muse for England What appearsA
In England's case to move the muse to tearsB
From side to side of her delightful isleC
Is she not clothed with a perpetual smileC
Can Nature add a charm or Art conferD
A new found luxury not seen in herD
Where under heaven is pleasure more pursuedE
Or where does cold reflection less intrudeE
Her fields a rich expanse of wavy cornF
Pour'd out from Plenty's overflowing hornF
Ambrosial gardens in which art suppliesG
The fervor and the force of Indian skiesG
Her peaceful shores where busy Commerce waitsH
To pour his golden tide through all her gatesH
Whom fiery suns that scorch the russet spiceI
Of eastern groves and oceans floor'd with iceI
Forbid in vain to push his daring wayJ
To darker climes or climes of brighter dayJ
Whom the winds waft where'er the billows rollK
From the World's girdle to the frozen poleK
The chariots bounding in her wheel worn streetsL
Her vaults below where every vintage meetsL
Her theatres her revels and her sportsM
The scenes to which not youth alone resortsM
But age in spite of weakness and of painN
Still haunts in hope to dream of youth againO
All speak her happy let the muse look roundP
From East to West no sorrow can be foundP
Or only what in cottages confinedQ
Sighs unregarded to the passing windQ
Then wherefore weep for England What appearsA
In England's case to move the muse to tearsB
The prophet wept for Israel wish'd his eyesG
Were fountains fed with infinite suppliesG
For Israel dealt in robbery and wrongR
There were the scorner's and the slanderer's tongueS
Oaths used as playthings or convenient toolsT
As interest biass'd knaves or fashion foolsT
Adultery neighing at his neighbor's doorU
Oppression laboring hard to grind the poorV
The partial balance and deceitful weightW
The treacherous smile a mask for secret hateW
Hypocrisy formality in prayerX
And the dull service of the lip were thereX
Her women insolent and self caress'dY
By Vanity's unwearied finger dress'dY
Forgot the blush that virgin fears impartZ
To modest cheeks and borrow'd one from artZ
Were just trifles without worth or useA2
As silly pride and idleness produceA2
Curl'd scented furbelow'd and flounced aroundP
With feet too delicate to touch the groundP
They stretch'd the neck and roll'd the wanton eyeB2
And sigh'd for every fool that flutter'd byB2
He saw his people slaves to every lustC2
Lewd avaricious arrogant unjustC2
He heard the wheels of an avenging GodD2
Groan heavily along the distant roadE2
Saw Babylon set wide her two leaved brassF2
To let the military deluge passF2
Jerusalem a prey her glory soil'dG2
Her princes captive and her treasures spoil'dG2
Wept till all Israel heard his bitter cryB2
Stamp'd with his foot and smote upon his thighB2
But wept and stamp'd and smote his thigh in vainN
Pleasure is deaf when told of future painN
And sounds prophetic are too rough to suitH2
Ears long accustom'd to the pleasing luteH2
They scorn'd his inspiration and his themeI2
Pronounc'd him frantic and his fears a dreamI2
With self indulgence wing'd the fleeting hoursJ2
Till the foe found them and down fell the towersJ2
Long time Assyria bound them in her chainN
Till penitence had purged the public stainN
And Cyrus with relenting pity movedK2
Return'd them happy to the land they lovedL2
There proof against prosperity awhileC
They stood the test of her ensnaring smileC
And had the grace in scenes of peace to showM2
The virtue they had learn'd in scenes of woeM2
But man is frail and can but ill sustainN
A long immunity from grief and painN
And after all the joys that Plenty leadsN2
With tiptoe step Vice silently succeedsN2
When he that ruled them with a shepherd's rodD2
In form a man in dignity a GodD2
Came not expected in that humble guiseG
To sift and search them with unerring eyesG
He found conceal'd beneath a fair outsideO2
The filth of rottenness and worm of prideO2
Their piety a system of deceitP2
Scripture employ'd to sanctify the cheatP2
The Pharisee the dupe of his own artZ
Self idolized and yet a knave at heartZ
When nations are to perish in their sinsQ2
'Tis in the Church the leprosy beginsQ2
The priest whose office is with zeal sincereR2
To watch the fountain and preserve it clearR2
Carelessly nods and sleeps upon the brinkS2
While other poison what the flock must drinkS2
Or waking at the call of lust aloneT2
Infuses lies and errors of his ownT2
His unsuspecting sheep believe it pureU2
And tainted by the very means of cureU2
Catch from each other a contagious spotV2
The foul forerunner of a general rotV2
Then truth is hush'd that Heresy may preachW2
And all is trash that reason cannot reachW2
Then God's own image on the soul impress'dY
Becomes a mockery and a standing jestY
And faith the root whence only can ariseG
The graces of a life that wins the skiesG
Loses at once all value and esteemI2
Pronounced by graybeards a pernicious dreamI2
Then Ceremony leads her bigots forthX2
Prepared to fight for shadows of no worthY2
While truths on which eternal things dependZ2
Find not or hardly find a single friendZ2
As soldiers watch the signal of commandA3
They learn to bow to kneel to sit to standA3
Happy to fill religion's vacant placeB3
With hollow form and gesture and grimaceC3
Such when the Teacher of his church was thereX
People and priest the sons of Israel wereD
Stiff in the letter lax in the designD3
And import of their oracles divineD3
Their learning legendary false absurdE3
And yet exalted above God's own wordE3
They drew a curse from an intended goodF3
Puff'd up with gifts they never understoodF3
He judg'd them with as terrible a frownG3
As if not love but wrath had brought him downG3
Yet he was gentle as soft summer airsB
Had grace for others' sins but none for theirsB
Through all he spoke a noble plainness ranH3
Rhetoric is artifice the work of manH3
And tricks and turns that fancy may deviseG
Are far too mean for Him that rules the skiesG
The astonish'd vulgar trembled while he toreU
The mask from faces never seen beforeU
He stripp'd the impostors in the noonday sunI3
Show'd that they follow'd all they seem'd to shunI3
Their prayers made public their excesses keptJ3
As private as the chambers where they sleptJ3
The temple and its holy rites profanedJ3
By mummeries He that dwelt in it disdain'dJ3
Uplifted hands that at convenient timesK3
Could act extortion and the worst of crimesK3
Wash'd with a neatness scrupulously niceI
And free from every taint but that of viceI
Judgement however tardy mends her paceB3
When obstinacy once has conquered graceB3
They saw distemper heal'd and life restor'dJ3
In answer to the fiat of his wordJ3
Confessed the wonder and with daring tongueS
Blasphemed the authority from which it sprungS
They knew by sure prognostics seen on highB2
The future tone and temper of the skyB2
But grave dissemblers could not understandJ3
That sin let loose speaks punishment at handJ3
Ask now of history's authentic pageL3
And call up evidence from every ageL3
Display with busy and laborious handJ3
The blessings of the most indebted landJ3
What nation will you find whose annals proveM3
So rich an interest in Almighty loveN3
Where dwell they now where dwelt in ancient dayJ3
A people planted water'd blest as theyJ3
Let Egypt's plagues and Canaan's woes proclaimO3
The favors pour'd upon the Jewish nameO3
Their freedom purchased for them at the costJ3
Of all their hard oppressors valued mostJ3
Their title to a country not their ownT2
Made sure by prodigies till then unknownT2
For them the states they left made waste and voidJ3
For them the states to which they went destroy'dJ3
A cloud to measure out their march by dayJ3
By night a fire to cheer the gloomy wayJ3
That moving signal summoning when bestJ3
Their host to move and when it stay'd to restJ3
For them the rocks dissolved into a floodJ3
The dews condensed into angelic foodJ3
Their very garments sacred old yet newP3
And Time forbid to touch them as he flewP3
Streams swell'd above the bank enjoin'd to standJ3
While they pass'd through to their appointed landJ3
Their leader arm'd wiJ3

William Cowper



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