We had good white friends who advised us against taking the war path. My friend and brother, Mr. Chapman, told us just how the war would end.

• We gave up some of our country to the white men, thinking that then we could have peace. We were mistaken. The white man would not let us alone.
• I know that my race must change.
• I pressed my father's hand and told him I would protect his grave with my life. My father smiled and passed away to the spirit land.
• My father... had sharper eyes than the rest of our people.
• It makes my heart sick when I remember all the good words and the broken promises.
• I only ask of the government to be treated as all other men are treated.
• I hope that no more groans of wounded men and women will ever go to the ear of the Great Spirit Chief above, and that all people may be one people.
• All men were made by the Great Spirit Chief. They are all brothers.
• General Howard informed me, in a haughty spirit, that he would give my people 30 days to go back home, collect all their stock, and move onto the reservation.
• I hope that no more groans of wounded men and women will ever go to the ear of the Great Spirit Chief above, and that all people may be one people.